Economic Corner 14 - 02/15/2025

Economic Corner 14 - the black farmer of the usa

MY THOUGHTS
In 1920 , white records have 925,708 Black Farmers, this doesn't include Black people still share cropping or farming through prison labor. Remember Alice [ https://aalbc.com/tc/profile/6477-richardmurray/?status=1830&type=status ; https://aalbc.com/tc/profile/6477-richardmurray/?status=1925&type=status ] How many Black people were actually farming in 1920 that did not own their own land, but were entrapped in legal while criminal situations?
By 2017 the recorded number of Black Farmers in the USA is 48,697. That is 5.260514114602013%
Ten percent of 925,708 is 92,570.8 so it is clear the numbers are not false. As the brother in the video said, when the war between the states ended the biggest problem is black people in the usa had no where to go[no lands whites havent been to], no revenue or products to get there[no wealthy blacks that could invest in some long journey like white jews later], and had no government willing to ship them[ala the English government that shipped tons of undesirables to the place they called the new world]
So, Black people in the usa at the end of the war between the states had to live side their slavers... former slavers, now just abusers. It is illegal to enslave, but it isn't illegal to hinder or harm or stall or restrict as long as no shackles are involved or no evidence of physical harm can be found or will be found by the legal authorities who just happen to be nonblack. 
But,the Black Farmers need two things primarily. They need more but I will speak to immediacy. 1) they need financial support 2)They need a venue they have access to alone. 

The numbers are clear, white power, white violence, attacked the black farming industry, from the end of the war between the states to today and the local/county/state governments of the south where DOS farms are, were and are completely complicit in the attacks, whether legal or not. 

I could had argued Black Farmers need protection but here is the problem for the Black Farmer, specifically the Black DOS farmer. The federal government is the only aspect of government in the usa that is willing to help and that is only because of federal rules, the states/county/local governments are all against them. And you can't move a farm. 

so even though I say money+an excusive market is needed, neither will keep Black Farms from being attacked. 

Going aside other Economic Corners, Black Farmers could be given exclusive rights to producing the foods for the eateries in a black owned sports league or set of teams. but first the teams will have to be owned and they will have to be privately owned. I am 100% certain a publicly traded firm or a firm that earns government funds will be sued if it uses food exclusively from Black Farmers, simply because the history of white farmers is to lawsuit any gain by black farmers. 

I saw the video below and a black farmer said he needed $20,000... where are the black one percent ? $20,000 is not some mountain of money for 2025 Black One Percent. Beyonce/Lebron/Oprah earn far more than $20,000 a day right? 
So, the Black Farmers have been crying out for help since 1865, where are the Black One Percent to help them? 
VIDEO

ARTICLE
Black farmers fight to keep their land, cultivate next generation
“It’s about fairness,” John Boyd Jr., a farmer and fierce advocate, said.
ByMonica DelaRosa, Alison Lynn, and Anthony Rivas
June 18, 2021, 10:47 AM
John Boyd Jr., a fourth-generation farmer, grew up close to his 1,000-acre farm in southern Virginia where he now grows soybeans, wheat and livestock.
Boyd, of Baskerville, Virginia, is also the founder of the non-profit National Black Farmers Association, which educates and advocates for Black farmers’ civil rights, land retention and access to public and private loans, among other initiatives.
Boyd and his father farmed together for 30 years and his grandparents were sharecroppers after the abolition of slavery in 1865.
“I know there were slaves and sharecroppers that helped build these barns here,” Boyd told ABC News. “You can see the logs were hand-carved by wooden axes. … Just looking at that reminds me of history, where I came from and where we have to go in this country.”
As part of his efforts with the NBFA, Boyd has worked to attract more Black people who are interested in farming, as well as to protect their rights and their land, even riding a mule-drawn wagon and driving a tractor to Washington, D.C., to lobby Congress.
“The most powerful tool you can possess, only secondary to Jesus Christ, is land ownership,” he said.
To be a farmer in the U.S. is to be part of an aging but crucial industry. Black farmers, especially, have seen their numbers plummet from nearly 1 million at the turn of the 20th century to only about 50,000 today, according to the U.S. Department of Agriculture. While the reasons are complex, they ultimately come down to economics, migration -- mainly to northern urban areas -- and discrimination and racism, according to the Duke Sanford World Food Policy Center.
In 2017, Black farmers were older than the overall population of U.S. farmers, according to the 2017 agricultural census, which said that their farms were smaller and the value of their agricultural sales were less than 1% of the U.S. total. Due to more complete data collection, the census found that the number of Black producers was 5% higher than in 2012, but the number of Black-operated farms dropped by 3%. In all, 57% of Black-operated farms had sales and government payments of less than $5,000 per year, according to the census, while 7% percent had sales and payments of $50,000 or more when compared with 25% of all farms.
A rich history of farming
Black people have a rich history in farming predating slavery. Leah Penniman, co-director of Soul Fire Farm in Petersburg, New York, said that the Mende and Wolof people of West Africa were expert rice farmers kidnapped from their homes and taken to the Carolinas.
“Our ancestral grandmothers had the courageous audacity to braid seeds into their hair,” Penniman told ABC News, adding that they were transported in slave ships with okra, cowpea, egusi melon, sorghum, millet and eggplant seeds.
Hundreds of years later, when enslaved people were given freedom, they were also promised no more than 40 acres of Confederate land along the Atlantic coast, a plan from the federal government that came to be known widely by the phrase “40 acres and a mule.”
The government’s promise was broken soon after President Abraham Lincoln was assassinated, when his successor, Andrew Johnson, overturned the order and the land was given back to its original owners.
“If ‘40 acres and a mule’ had been a promise kept, that [land] would be worth almost $7 trillion today,” Penniman said.
Many of the former slaves became sharecroppers, often renting land from their former owners.
“It didn’t just stop when we were freed,” said Boyd. “Where were we free to go? We didn’t have any money. We didn’t have any resources. So, many Blacks stayed on these farms like my forefathers. … That’s how Blacks got land in the first place.”
Boyd said the challenge for Black farmers has been holding onto the land and believes the federal government has failed to adequately support farmers of color.
“The last plantation,” as he calls the USDA, is “the very agency that’s supposed to be lending me a hand up, [and it is] the very agency putting Black farmers out of business.”
Boyd said that even up until the 1980s, he would see the word “negro” on USDA applications and that at his area’s USDA office, the only day they would see Black farmers was on Wednesdays.
“We named it Black Wednesday,” he said.
The USDA said in a statement to ABC News that it did include the word "negro" on the application Boyd referenced until at least 1988 and that it used the terms "Black" or "African American" since then. It also said the "scenario" Boyd recalled with regard to Wednesdays "is a reprehensible one, but we have no information to support the claim."
"It is clear that for much of the history of the USDA, Black, Hispanic, Native American, Asian American and other minority farmers have faced discrimination -- sometimes overt and sometimes through deeply embedded rules and policies -- that have prevented them from achieving as much as their counterparts who do not face these documented acts of discrimination," the USDA said in its statement. "We are committed to building a different USDA, one that is committed to equality and justice, celebrates diversity and is inclusive of all customers."
Boyd said that since 1995, “a half-trillion dollars -- with a ‘T’ -- have been paid out to large-scale farmers in this country in the form of just subsidies” by the USDA.
"That doesn’t include farm ownership loans, farm equipment loans, any of those things, and little to none has went to Black farmers," he said.
In 1999, the USDA settled the class action lawsuit Pigford v. Glickman, and eventually paid more than $1 billion to Black farmers, who claimed they were unfairly denied loans and other government assistance.
“It’s about fairness,” Boyd said. “It’s about dignity and respect.”
For Black farmers, the tide is showing signs of turning. In March, President Joe Biden signed the American Rescue Plan Act, a nearly $2 trillion law that directed $5 billion to farmers of color. Georgia Sen. Raphael Warnock, a Democrat, co-sponsored the bill, which is meant to provide additional relief to Americans impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.
“The COVID-19 pandemic both illuminated and exacerbated long-standing health disparities and economic disparities,” Warnock told ABC News.
Lestor Bonner, a Vietnam War veteran and fifth-generation farm owner, said that in 1893, his great-grandfather bought the farm that he now works on. He said there’s only 136 acres left and that he needs $20,000 to save it from foreclosure. The relief money, he said, could help jumpstart his business after a difficult year living through the COVID-19 pandemic.
Bonner said he thought he would have the money by now “so I could get a crop in the ground this year,” he told ABC News.
As part of the American Rescue Plan Act, the USDA had set up a loan forgiveness program that would have helped Bonner pay off his outstanding loans, as well as pay for supplies and equipment to help him continue farming. But this month, a federal judge in Wisconsin ordered the government agency to stop forgiving loans, saying the program unconstitutionally uses race as a factor in determining who is eligible.
Penniman says her organization’s mission is to help Black farmers hold onto their land, as well as to introduce young Black potential farmers to the occupation (the average age of Black farmers is over 60).
“We have between one and 2,000 folks who come through for these courses every single year at the farm to learn everything from taking care of the soil to planting a seed,” she said.
Penniman said that many important agricultural techniques, including many of the practices in organic farming, like raised beds, composting and cover-cropping “come out of an Afro-indigenous tradition.”
Boyd, for his part, said he’s “proud and excited to see young people” taking an interest in land ownership and farming.
“There’s a new generation of Black farmers. I love that win,” he said. “So, I welcome them to the fight and welcome them as farmers and stewards of the land and contributors to agriculture and the fruit base in this country. That’s what my fight is all about.”
https://abcnews.go.com/US/black-farmers-fight-land-cultivate-generation/story?id=78338282
IN AMENDMENT
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mWpUNrv6_P0
 

TRANSCRIPT

0:00 the systematic exclusion of the black 0:02 farmer has been an ongoing fight since 0:04 the days of lincoln 0:05 and no one knows that fight better than 0:08 the one man who's been in the trenches 0:09 for the last 30 years fighting the 0:12 united states government for the rights 0:14 of black farmers look at these yes you 0:17 guys do a big crop this is an ocean this 0:20 is a beautiful crop i don't think i've 0:21 had a crop like this probably in 20 0:23 years 0:24 meet john boyd jr a fourth generation 0:27 farmer and founder of the national black 0:30 farmers association 0:31 his 1993 lawsuit against the united 0:34 states department of agriculture led to 0:36 their first ever settlement with an 0:38 individual 0:39 and the subsequent class-action lawsuit 0:41 resulted in the largest ever settlement 0:43 from the federal government 0:45 but only a fraction of those represented 0:47 farmers have been paid out so i'm here 0:50 on his soybean farm in boyton virginia 0:52 to hear how the fight's going 0:55 they look brown well these are beautiful 0:57 i'm gonna get you to open one too okay 0:58 here i come what's your method you break 1:00 it right down the middle you hold it 1:01 like that okay 1:03 and you press it right down the middle 1:05 it's like a little pee you can actually 1:07 chew them 1:08 oh 1:09 you see our taste it's sort of nutty too 1:11 and it really is dense it's like almost 1:13 it's like it it like sticks in your 1:14 teeth in a good way 1:16 like fudge almost it's meaty 1:19 it is it's meaty and it's soy burgers 1:22 yeah yeah mixed soybeans up in 1:24 everything 1:25 if we're going to talk about soybeans 1:27 gotta talk about george washington 1:29 carfur because in the 19th century after 1:31 years of cotton and tobacco crop 1:33 cultivation the soil was completely 1:35 depleted so the hyper-intelligent george 1:38 washington carver taught farmers about 1:40 the importance of crop rotation and 1:42 showed them that planting peanut crops 1:44 will help replenish much needed nitrogen 1:47 in the soil 1:48 but then the southern farms were left 1:50 with a surplus of peanuts so george 1:53 washington carver had to come to the 1:54 rescue once again 1:56 dr carver went into his lab and didn't 1:58 come out until he published a paper 2:00 entitled how to grow the peanut and 105 2:03 ways of preparing it for human 2:04 consumption 2:06 the peanut was the new cash crop and 2:08 both he and the little legume were 2:10 credited as having saved the southern 2:11 farm economy 2:13 both white and black farms alike 2:17 so if black farmers like george 2:18 washington carver were innovative 2:20 preservationists why don't we see more 2:22 black farmers in america today 2:25 the decline in the black farmer 2:28 had a few facets to it one was the great 2:31 migration and then you had horrific laws 2:34 of jim crow 2:35 where blacks weren't able to uh 2:38 obtain credit oh 2:40 yeah uh under the dakar administration 2:43 they came up with the farmer's home 2:44 administration that was supposed to help 2:46 blacks get loans and it did it did the 2:49 opposite we're getting farm ownership 2:51 loans you work in farm operating loans 2:54 i take a step into the united states 2:56 department of agriculture and i stepped 2:58 back in time 2:59 387 days to process 3:02 a black farm loan request in less than 3:05 30 days to process a white farmer's loan 3:08 request 3:09 in the top 10 percent getters and u.s 3:12 farm subsidies get over 1 million 3:14 dollars per farmer 3:16 and the average subsidy to a black farm 3:18 is 222 dollars 3:22 no comparison we're not even in the same 3:25 uh league and we haven't even made it to 3:27 that book 3:28 and as that process became more more 3:30 difficult more blacks left left farming 3:33 you see both federal and local 3:35 governments have worked very 3:37 specifically to deprive obstruct and 3:39 prevent land ownership by black people 3:42 local banks can deny loans local 3:44 governments can write legislation that 3:46 bolsters those banks racist practices 3:49 and the same thing happens on a federal 3:51 level too which has resulted in 3:53 catastrophic losses within the black 3:55 farming community 3:58 so we experienced that from the 3:59 government and and banks 4:02 but we also faced that at local markets 4:05 there was a time period where tobacco 4:08 brought a higher price when i sold it 4:10 through my white neighbor than it did 4:12 when i sold it on my own 4:14 oh 4:15 are you serious yeah what year 4:18 ah this is in the 90s 4:20 yeah 4:21 and the i think you mad it makes me so 4:24 mad well it makes me it makes me mad 4:29 it gave me the drive and the motivation 4:31 to want to fix it yes 4:34 and 4:35 that's what i sought out to do and 4:36 that's what i've been doing for the past 4:38 30 years 4:39 when black farmers sued the usda for 4:41 racial discrimination in 1993 and won 4:44 they proved in court that the federal 4:46 government was systematically denying 4:49 loans and financial support to black 4:51 farmers 4:52 that led to the largest civil rights 4:54 settlement in u.s history but that 4:56 settlement money has only made it to 4:58 roughly 20 000 farmers of the 100 000 5:01 plus 5:02 that were represented in this suit 5:04 why 5:05 because bureaucratic red tape has caused 5:07 the proverbial can to just keep getting 5:10 kicked and rebundled under new bailout 5:12 packages 5:18 [Music] 5:32 you English (auto-generated)

IN AMENDMENT
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aO2kWD1EjuM

TRANSCRIPT

0:02 we're back with more of the exploitation 0:05 of black farmers in America now several 0:08 of them have sued and recently received 0:10 back pay after it was discovered by the 0:13 U.S labor department that immigrant 0:15 workers white immigrant workers were 0:17 being given more money than the black 0:19 farmers and the black farmers were doing 0:21 the exact same job it's a disturbing 0:23 reality for many black American farmers 0:26 whose numbers are dwindling by the day 0:28 still with us is John Boyd Jr he's the 0:31 founder and president of the national 0:32 black Farmers Association now John when 0:36 you were here uh we wanted to address 0:38 some of the concerns we've had this 0:40 conversation but we want to go deeper 0:41 recently we saw that a federal judge 0:44 dismissed your lawsuit about the four 0:46 billion dollar debt relief program for 0:49 black Farmers essentially that was 0:50 President Biden including a specific uh 0:54 element of that package that was 0:55 supposed to provide relief to Black 0:57 Farmers he reneged on that promise you 1:00 uh and attorney cromp and others file 1:02 suit and now it's been dismissed where 1:04 do you go next in this case 1:07 well we have filed an appeal uh to 1:11 appeal that decision and and federal 1:13 court and I'm hopeful that the courts 1:15 will take a deeper look at I'm going to 1:17 use your words a deeper look into what 1:18 really happened uh to Black Farmers you 1:21 know every time uh that we're promised 1:23 something in this country uh as black 1:26 people and in this case black Farmers 1:28 they find a way not to get us through 1:31 the resources that are promised to us we 1:33 were promised a hundred and twenty 1:35 percent debt relief for that's for every 1:36 uh black farmer who is eligible and 1:39 other farmers of color uh that means 100 1:41 debt relief 20 uh to pay the taxes and 1:46 Congress repealed it under the 1:49 leadership of uh President Biden and and 1:52 recently he just we lost a big decision 1:55 and affirmative action people black 1:57 people going backwards we need to wake 1:59 up here we lost a big decision and on 2:01 affirmative action and the President 2:03 says he's going to dig deeper uh to come 2:06 up with something from on the stroke of 2:08 repent from from his desk to help get 2:11 around a possible on the actual debt 2:14 relief measure for for college tuition 2:17 and all of these things we need him to 2:19 use this stroke of the pen to help get 2:21 around the issues that facing America's 2:23 black farmers and uh you know why I 2:26 wasn't at the same outrage when this 2:28 Administration went back on its word to 2:30 do that we're always overlooked and the 2:34 fixed problem in this country and we 2:36 were the nation's uh first first black 2:39 occupation here in the country for black 2:41 people so I turned to I turned my fight 2:43 to the federal courts hoping that we can 2:46 get some uh resolve there if not I'm 2:49 going to take my fight to the upcoming 2:51 presidential election 2:53 and to let Americans know that we've 2:56 been left out and uh for people on the 2:59 hill telling me Boyd you got to take 3:01 this one on the chin uh you don't have a 3:03 way out on this uh I'm gonna take my 3:06 fight right out here to the American 3:07 people and let the American people make 3:09 the decision on how we were treated as 3:12 as voters in this country because we 3:15 voted probably 99 for our president uh 3:18 bidener hasn't been a sit-down meeting 3:20 with the president 3:21 and there hasn't been a seat a sit down 3:24 meeting with his act secretary I mean 3:26 come on people that's a given for a body 3:28 of people who voted in a block uh to 3:31 support this Administration well and 3:33 also John Boyd an Administration and a 3:36 president that said during his 3:37 inauguration speech that he did owe 3:39 Black America to your point of his debt 3:42 uh that he owes the black electorate uh 3:44 as to the result of him even being the 3:47 46th president of the United States 3:49 something else I want to bring up is 3:51 something you said in our previous 3:52 conversation before the break here you 3:54 said that Black America needs to realize 3:56 that we've got more work to do talk 3:59 about how important it is that black 4:01 America kind of connects the dots what's 4:03 happening and the distributment of black 4:05 Farmers what's happening with the 4:06 gutting of affirmative action what's 4:08 happening with black people 4:09 disproportionately caring more student 4:11 loan debt that they will not get relief 4:13 from in your 4:15 experience because you are a man of 4:17 significant lived American Experience do 4:19 you believe that what's happening right 4:21 now John Boyd is a backlash of what some 4:25 Americans some white Americans uh some 4:28 federal government leaders feel has been 4:30 too much quote progress of Black Folk in 4:32 this country 4:34 I believe it's a continuation a slow uh 4:40 drag now or takedown uh might I describe 4:43 it as what's happened to us as uh black 4:46 Farmers didn't just start with uh 4:49 President Biden where uh openly 4:52 supported him and got on early early on 4:54 it took a chance with this uh president 4:56 early on when there were many candidates 4:58 in the race I supported this president 5:00 from the administration to 5:02 Administration from Congress to Congress 5:04 we failed to fix the problem at the 5:07 United States Department of Agriculture 5:09 and his farm lending programs around the 5:12 country and and AG lending and the top 5:15 10 agriculture companies these are all 5:18 issues that we're facing every day we 5:20 are those big names that were that 5:23 haven't down you know my number to talk 5:25 about this get educated on it and to see 5:28 how they can lend their voice now 5:31 sometimes people is not your checkbook 5:32 sometimes it's your voice saying that I 5:36 support the the black Farmers Movement 5:38 we support uh the lawsuit we support 5:40 these black Farmers getting Justice well 5:42 listen John boy Junior what we know is 5:43 you are not going to take anything on 5:45 the chin you're not going to take 5:46 anything lying down nor should you and 5:48 here at the grill we look forward to 5:49 helping you amplify

IN AMENDMENT
In July of 2024, the National Black Farmers Association, helmed by President John Boyd, Jr., secured a $2.2 billion payout for discrimination in farm lending by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). This victory is historic: it marks official acknowledgement and restitution for Black farmers, who for generations, have faced unrelenting discrimination in the farming industry.  
https://www.brookings.edu/events/denied-no-more-a-conversation-with-john-boyd-president-of-the-national-black-farmers-association/

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The Black Farmer in the USA

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