Overview

The following is the first dialog to the USA's 250 year anniversary and it goes back to my elemental issues with alot of the discourse. The USA is over three hundred and fifty million people. who are not friends or allies, not from accident, based on the erratic or dysfunctional way the peoples of the USA were molded together in the first place. The ancestors to the modern indigenous never wanted the USA to be. This is why those of them who were able to fight in majority fought against the creation of the USA as well as supported a reclaiming of the USA by the english empire during the war of 1812., The ancestors to the modern Descended of enslaved never wanted the USA to be. This is why those of them who were able to fight in majority fought against the creation of the USA as well as supported a reclaiming of the USA by the english empire in the war of 1812. The ancestors to the modern descendend of White european colonist were split. Half wanted to stay in the english empire. Most fiscally wealthy members never fought at all. The Signers of the declaration were all fiscally wealthy but most of their peers never fought at all. The continuous waves of immigrants, legally or illegally, enslaved or freely, from anywhere on earth, each had to deal with being rejected/abused/enslaved/harmed by those already in the usa until the violence was quelled by whatever means and they had to be accepted as part of the usa fabric by those in the usa enslaving/abusing/harming them. So the peoples in the USA are a chaotic gumbo, where the parts never melt into each other but stick out all over the place making a foul smelling stew. But people in the usa, starting with those of white european descent keep speaking of their wants, their particular subpopulaces wants as if all the other subpopulaces in the usa are supposed to be guided by white european desires. And so looking back at two hundred and fifty years of USA history becomes very negative by default because all communities have to deal with realities that they spit on in modernity. The only thing potentially positive about the USA for all in it is tomorrow, not the past, not the present, never the past, never the present. But in honoring 250 years, the whole point is honoring the past or the present, which is not positive for all. COMMENT TO ME @richardmurrayaalbcassist7279 the mention of how the Indians weren't consulted during the negotiations for the Treaty of Paris is the most telling of all. He did a very good job telling of the Revolutionary War as the first Civil War... and actually does a great job setting the stage for WHY there would be a second (not slavery) but the constant deference to all things black and Indian was laughably biased and tiresome. There is a reason 99.9% of WWII material does not talk about North Africa or the Italy campaign, even if it factually did happen and did end in countless lives lost. MY REPLY @ralphalf5897 ok it is 2026, the usa will be 250 years old, in under a years time. Many peoples will speak of the USA governments history. Many narratives will be presented. None will be universally liked or accepted. I repeat, NONE will be UNIVERSALLY liked or accepted. The question is what would had satisfied you? I like Ken Burns 2025 what I call American Rebellion series. Others like his commonly called 2026 American Revolution series. So, those who liked the series are content. But for those that didn't care for it, like yourself, the question is, what needed to happen to shut up your complaints? Now, was the program my ideal? no. I think the time simply isn't enough. You have to cut out from anything you want to talk about with only twelve hours. I wanted more about the indigenous peoples, more about the french and germans, more about the loyalists. I even wanted more about the signers of the declaration. But, the time meant cuts had to be made. Even if Burns had decided to do as your comment suggest and talk only about the white men who owned black people, the fifty six signed of the declaration. With six days , two hours each day, that is twelve hours. Now fifty six delegates signed the declaration of independence so that leaves twelve minutes per delegate for the time in the show. This doesn't consider handling the time line of events, like before the rebelion, during the rebellion, after the rebellion. Again, to your pleasure, if only the signers are discussed , the show will not include any non white europeans or those not of white european descent or females. So if Burns had given twelve minutes to each signers of the declaration would that had made you content? yes or no? For the record, I would despise that format, but I would accept it positively. History telling always has biases, positive or negative. ANyone who doesn't know that is immature. The history books most like have the positive biases we want, the history books most don't like have the negative biases we don't want. The reason why most history is written poorly is merely from the negative biases of the people who wrote it, it is that simple. The AMERICAN REVOLUTION SERIES, TRANSCRIPTED IF YOU CANT VIEW https://aalbc.com/tc/events/event/587-the-american-revolution-pbs-documentary-episode-1/ https://aalbc.com/tc/events/event/588-the-american-revolution-pbs-documentary-episode-2/ https://aalbc.com/tc/events/event/589-the-american-revolution-pbs-documentary-episode-3/ https://aalbc.com/tc/events/event/590-the-american-revolution-pbs-documentary-episode-4/ https://aalbc.com/tc/events/event/591-the-american-revolution-pbs-documentary-episode-5/ https://aalbc.com/tc/events/event/592-the-american-revolution-pbs-documentary-episode-6/

Poetic Critique of Illumination by Chaosfive-55 https://www.deviantart.com/hddeviant/art/Poetic-Critique-of-Illumination-by-Chaosfive-55-1283450705 Crux the light centrally, the focal projects the small scene Sancti perviously, the aperture aid nature's ween Patris wee homily, in human tilt or angled mean Benedicti rightly, the motion in a day's serene Transilluminately, all photos fail but this perbeen critmas 2025 https://www.deviantart.com/hddeviant/art/Critmas-2025-1280187340

Laprimatorte tutorial for the Holiday-themed Resource Sharing Contest of Stockandresources group in Deviantart https://www.deviantart.com/hddeviant/art/Laprimatorte-tutorial-1282966094 #laprimatorte #tutorial #stockandresources #hddeviant #richardmurray #richardmurrayhumblr EMBED CODE

Mimada Cheerleader Noddy with Nia-In-the-box deviantart https://www.deviantart.com/hddeviant/art/Mimada-Cheerleader-Noddy-1282123367 midnighthour tumblr https://www.tumblr.com/communities/midnight-hour/post/804599842665021440/mimada-cheerleader-noddy-with?source=share

THE FOLLOWING IS A DIALOG STEMMED BY OTHERS CITATION https://aalbc.com/tc/topic/12226-the-strike-on-nigeria/#findComment-78966 Happy 2026 all @ProfD @Pioneer1 is correct that the cold war alliance the usa made with japan/western european countries/ or others was based on a strategy, the usa provides financial assistance while said countries international allegiance went to the usa's militaristic agenda and not the soviet union's especially in the last century. But he is wrong to suggest the USA protects these countries, the USA didn't and doesn't. We have the hindsight of history to see the truth. The Soviet Union was never an external actor. The soviet union never had the resources to make a grand push against the usa's seven fleets. But the soviet union always had potential philosophical allies in various countries in the world. Nippon was actually not going to be rebuilt by the usa until japanese communist not financially supported by the soviet union were gaining or had the majority of popular momentum in japan and the usa feared if china + japan go communist then the USA wouldn't have an early strike position. So the usa then did what it did everywhere in humanity at the end of the second white european imperial war SWEIW, commonly called world war 2, and that is support the various financial wealthy caste in a country to keep the fiscal poor in said country down and not communist. you see this everywhere. The usa knew it could work cause that is what happened after the end of the war between the states. The truth is, like the rich japanese/germans/french/italians/argentineans/chinese who became the taiwanese/and others who were all financially broken after the SWEIW and were able to quell fiscally poor japanese/germans/french/italians/argentineans and others who had huge non fiscal capitalistic movements. the rich whites of the south after the war between the states were broken and the usa government supported southern fiscally wealthy whites to lord over the black southern populace, which at that time was over 90% of the black populace of the usa which also had a non fiscal capitalistic philosophy in it. As miyazaki correctly points out in "Grave Of The Fireflies" fiscally poor japanese who suffered in nippon during the war and had to deal with white statian bullying after then watched from the rubble as the fiscally wealthy japanese who were the primary supporters of the japanese imperial machine and were broke were funded by the usa to keep down the popular socialist movement in japan which besides being socialist was more importantly, anti usa. And this was done everywhere, in france/italy/nigeria/congo- poor lumumba whose crime wasn't opposing fiscal capitalism but wanting to actually run a country on even fiscal capitalistic principles which the usa could never allow/argentina/brasil/a long list. So to suggest the usa protected other countries is an insult to history. None of what I just said is fantasy. We talk of the vietnam war but again, what really happened. Ho chi minh won the election , people forget this. Ho chi minh didn't talk about attacking the usa or france, but he wasn't going to be an ally of the usa like a mobuto or suharto or the rest of the cronies all throughout humanity whom the usa militaristically supported by killing their rivals and providing them money just so the masses of people under them can be fiscally poor and suffer, thus aiding usa dominance. So the usa then attacked vietnam and the very profitable vietnam war happened, which damaged vietnam in many ways, far beyond money. So... the usa is not a protector and it is a historical insult to suggest it. As for greatness, I don't think pioneer or me or you have a decent definition to what makes any government great. Western Europe and Japan were arguably more stable or self sufficient before the SWEIW. From a militaristic perspective all were greater before SWEIW. As for "ideal" well, Pioneer is speaking in the 250th anniversary of the usa as a member of GI Joe. Saying another country is ideal when it is enslaved to the one you live in is... well... I don't communicate like that. I have always hoped even as a child that Nippon be free of the usa. If I was from Nippon I would hate that another country has a massive military base in my country. You are not free until you can defend yourself. It is that simple. Profd I concur to you, I do not oppose your first position concerning stability. But I oppose your position about japan's activities during the SWEIW. All governments of power would and will reach to conquer, it is the way of power, to want more. It is inevitable. Nippon's flaw wasn't getting into SWEIW, it was pearl harbor, and the greater overreach. Before pearl harbor Nippon had taken over, Korea/northern China/northern pacific islands/coast of southern china, had half of sakhalin island. JApan had tripled its size. Like Germany in Europe, before the usa got in the war, each had achieved a massive growth in territory absent the bureaucracy or management to handle. Nippon's problem like all empires, including the usa, is not knowing when to let go. When to realize you don't need to keep going. Napoleon did this. Napolean lost against haiti or kemet before his european adventures. So he knew about lost, but after taking over all of Europe outside england and european russia and european ottoman empire he chose to make a grand campaign to russia which was overreach and like all other empires met his inevitable doom. Japan didn't know when to stop, bullies rarely do. Temujin, Genghis Khan , knew when to stop, so it can happen, but it is rare. And as I said the USA didn't rebuild Nippon for the nuclear bombs, it is historical fact the usa had no plans on rebuilding Nippon until the people of Nippon went philosophically opposed to the usa and the usa needed a big military base to contain the communist world so to speak, it was not out of consolation. Well... I concur and oppose the relationship between the usa and japan has been fruitful. It is both answers. The relationship is bearing positive fruit concerning the usa's needs. the usa in japan got a very willing financial ally, Remember, even thought white european western europe as a region has wealth, japan as a single country was wealtheir than any country in western europe including germany. That says a lot. The japanese sinfully accepted that terrible financial deal of making cars in the usa to sell to the usa market, which was great for the usa cause it allowed the usa labor market, which was being failed by domestic firms, to get boost of labor that shouldn't be in the usa. And this is why I say, it was barren, a negative fruit, concerning Japan's needs. Japan didn't do anything wrong being financially efficient. The USA has over ninety percent market lead in the automotive/electronics/agricultural global markets at the end of the SWEIW, commonly called WW2. Why did the usa lose these things? Wasn't black peoples fault. white people control all industries in the usa. The big firms in the usa all employ graduates to all the ivy league schols, supposedly the best of the best, so why lose market share? why? cause the ivy league schools are educationally as important as social networking important. The firms in the usa have such a long history of abusing black people and taking advantage of native americans that in any even financial setting they fail, and thus germany/japan/china/russia/italy/brasil all overcame huge market disadvantages with efficiency true quality. But, the USA made Japan pay terribly for each success. Japan should had called in that debt they bought years ago. and I argue never have bought it in the first place. Japan should never have derailed their earned domestic labor growth by giving jobs to usa autoworkers. Japan should had fought to make militaristic agreements with china+ korea+ russia to get the usa out of their country but didn't for various reasons. so... The usa /japan relationship has been positive for the usa and negative for japan. It isn't that it hasn't been fruitful but that fruit is a one way street. The USA has always meddled very negatively in Nippon to manipulate that country and those who run it, the kawaakis and et cetera who lost it all after SWEIW and were made wealthy by the usa artificially , post SWEIW have been the stoolies for the USA they were paid to be.

What do you think makes a masterpiece? My Answer Your prose makes the case for a piece, but I argue what makes a master is first? A master originally meant a teacher, not someone deemed skilled above all others. Why does that matter? If a master is a teacher, then a master can be anyone, sequentially, a masterpiece can be any work or piece from anyone. If a master is a teacher than a masterpiece is free to be any work as anyone sees it. But, if a master is someone deemed skilled above all others. then who determines the skills, through whatever measures, required to be a master is more important than the identity of the master, for said identity is merely matching the skills. But, who determines the skills? In modern human history, all to often those in a populace in humanity who have a financial or militaristic power over other populaces dictate the skills required to be a master. Sequentially, the identity of a masterpiece is always doubted, questioned. Because if a master is someone deemed skilled above all others which can only be determined through a limited perspective only a set in humanity have , then all others have to doubt it, because they don't see the master as legitimate because they don't accept the requirements to master. So, I accept a master is merely a teacher. And as I have learned and continue to learn from many artists , in said moments of learning, I have been taught and said artists have been teachers, thus masters for a time and the works or pieces they taught me with are masterpieces. SEE WHOLE ANSWER https://www.deviantart.com/hddeviant/art/What-do-you-think-makes-a-masterpiece-1281553724

Wirt and Greg see's Nef's phone, it has a coloring page https://www.deviantart.com/hddeviant/art/Wirt-and-Greg-finding-Nef-s-phone-1281686935 EMBED CODE

Nicky https://www.deviantart.com/hddeviant/art/Nicky-1281677723 mimada cheerleader singing Nicky https://www.deviantart.com/hddeviant/art/Mimada-Cheerleader-1281675393 EMBED CODE CHEER BEGIN REFRAIN 1 Oh Nicky! you're my kind! You're my kind, you made me bli!ng Come Nicky, come Nicky Oh Nicky! you're my kind! You're my kind, you made me bli!ng Come Nicky, come Nicky Oh Nicky! you're my kind! You're my kind, you made me bli!ng Come Nicky, come Nicky Oh Nicky! you're my kind! You're my kind, you made me bli!ng Come Nicky END REFRAIN 1 Come Nicky You show only one night! but go farther than all You know you have the tools! and you proved! you've got all You never stay till light! I pray for your return , Nicky! Cause when you say you do! it always means you will A year's worth of flutters, daddy, please, daddy, mill Every night I will, only dream of you , Nicky BEGIN REFRAIN 2 Oh Nicky, it's so pretty, thank you from this lamb You reach into my mind, when you give me what I am Oh Nicky, love your ditty, you warm up this lamb No one's like you, Nicky Ooh will you come Nicky, come Nicky Prove certain love, Nicky END REFRAIN 2 Come Nicky Now if-you-need-my-little purse! s'like a little box Fill it like a stuffer! Ya, pleasin'-plump-ol fox! I said you had the tools! so just, go , on! Nicky And thank you- for everything! the years end in glam The years end is not till minutes! One more gift, sweet clam! Oh please daddy, please, thank you for all your bam! Nicky REPEAT REFRAIN 2 REPEAT REFRAIN 1 REPEAT REFRAIN 2 REPEAT REFRAIN 2 REPEAT REFRAIN 2 REPEAT REFRAIN 2

Critmas is a challenge where artist critique other artist. I am a team leader this year, I hope I helped. https://www.deviantart.com/hddeviant/art/Critmas-2025-1280187340 THE FOLLOWING IS A RAW COPY FROM THE URL ABOVE Critmas 2025 done for Critmas 2025 organized by @BeckyKidus of @CRLiterature https://www.deviantart.com/beckykidus/journal/Critmas-2025-Briefing-and-kickoff-1279368822 Critmas teams https://www.deviantart.com/beckykidus/journal/Critmas-2025-The-Teams-1279091695 Critmas galleries https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/1270451437/5252055832 Critiques I made to others Critique my own team + Abecedarius letter M + Scavenger hunt : Stars https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/298541115/5255491459 Critique my own team + Abecedarius letter B + Scavenger hunt : Present https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/867978483/5255495328 Critique my own team + Abecedarius letter Z + Scavenger hunt : Fire https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/1069156158/5255499076 Critique my own team + Abecedarius letter H https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/560512559/5255523158 Critique my own team + Abecedarius letter G + Scavenger hunt : Secret https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/1043499852/5255547063 All in CIA team are finished outside self Critique another team https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/742657828/5255562759 Critique another team https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/872557968/5255565737 Critique another team + Scavenger hunt : Sunglasses https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/1078426439/5255568189 Critique another team https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/1264628930/5255574259 Critique another team + Abecedarius letter S https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/1220863795/5255576764 Critique another team + Abecedarius letter T https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/1113798882/5255582181 Did all of NSA team Critique another team + Abecedarius letter C https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/632578248/5255586793 Did 12 critiques Critique another team + Abecedarius letter A https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/864945646/5255589034 Critique another team https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/969398955/5255590484 Critique another team https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/1200635811/5255595540 Critique another team https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/1275185019/5255600879 Critique another team https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/1243609650/5255603191 Did all of FBI team Abecedarius letter D https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/662909989/5255605394 Abecedarius letter E https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/967618985/5255605861 Abecedarius letter F https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/718856426/5255607826 Abecedarius letter I https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/1095257376/5255610023 Abecedarius letter J https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/1080897669/5255611357 Abecedarius letter K https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/374361199/5255613795 Abecedarius letter L https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/708674589/5255735569 Abecedarius letter N https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/945801319/5255737411 Did 25 critiques Abecedarius letter O https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/918549346/5255739283 Abecedarius letter P https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/109961340/5255740869 Abecedarius letter Q https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/831091519/5255742190 Abecedarius letter R https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/770496711/5255745566 Abecedarius letter U https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/47694199/5255747216 Abecedarius letter V https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/125070764/5255748744 Abecedarius letter W https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/1242287357/5255750532 Abecedarius letter X https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/1111966821/5255753143 Abecedarius letter Y https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/1104253748/5255755660 Did all of Abecedarius Scavenger hunt : Briefcase https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/415086489/5255768211 Did all the Scavenger hunts - briefcase took a minute to find one that spoke to me CRITIQUES CONTINUED? Folders of deviation I critmased 2025 https://www.deviantart.com/hddeviant/favourites/104233040/critmas-2025 Critiques Given To Me During Critmas 2025 If any critmas'd me that I didn't acknowledge , I apologize, please tell me so I can correct from @BrightWatcher37 https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/1008259482/5255514042 for https://www.deviantart.com/hddeviant/art/December-Secret-Santa-2023-for-melmuff-1008259482 from @the-stuepp https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/1255339028/5255657160 for https://www.deviantart.com/hddeviant/art/THE-PROMOTION-1255339028 T Literature THE PROMOTION TITLE: THE PROMOTION An officer sit in his office Notes To Me General Process ? Critique list from others ? Critmas 2024 https://www.deviantart.com/hddeviant/art/Critmas-2024-1144042031 if you like my activities and want to support me, tis the season https://www.deviantart.com/hddeviant/tier/Tip-Jar-to-HDdeviant-9027700

Winter Wonderland selection 12/19/2025 CITATION https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/1268663599/5254103765 CONTENT The Master of Winter Crafts from @tashashu https://www.deviantart.com/tashashu/art/The-Master-of-Winter-Crafts-197692315 It is functional. Leather made from tanning is durable, and the scene is of the " Master of Winter Crafts" about a small village. Pretty. She has a gallery of leatherworks https://www.deviantart.com/tashashu/gallery/26858165/leather-bags-with-felt-print

Winter Wonderland selection 12/18/2025 CITATION https://www.deviantart.com/comments/1/1268663599/5253851923 CONTENT The Snow Queen from @dmorehead https://www.deviantart.com/dmorehead/art/The-Snow-Queen-1270331944 The Snow Queen is from Hans Christian Anderson. It is beloved being made into many films. But this interpretation is very rare. Made out of a book itself. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Snow_Queen Film Variations The Snow Queen (1957), a Soviet animated film by film studio Soyuzmultfilm and directed by Lev Atamanov, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9aCmyYsUuJ8 The Snow Queen (1967), a live-action adaptation from the Soviet Union, directed by Gennadi Kazansky. https://youtu.be/zokeEf_fc5A?si=I-RUS05Uk_B585wx The Snow Queen (Finnish: Lumikuningatar) is a 1986 Finnish fantasy film directed by Päivi Hartzell, trailer https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kaR4t8Rq75I The Snow Queen (1995), a British animated adaptation, directed by Martin Gates https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VUwDrlBez48 The Snow Queen (Russian: Снежная королева, romanized: Snezhnaya koroleva, lit. 'The Snow Queen') a 2012 Russian animated fantasy adventure film directed by Vladlen Barbe and Maxim Sveshnikov. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aMUxVSPyZ9A

a pdf https://www.deviantart.com/hddeviant/art/1275510340?action=published EMBED CODE

Escarp Into The Unknown - Where Are They Now- the unknown from Over the Garden Wall 12/102/2025 WATN: The Unknown - Over The Garden Wall The Unknown is an entity or a place beyond the confines of time or space. Travelers through various zones want to know , where is the Unknown now? You can use your imagination or use any of the various references in the challenge to be inspired. Last date to enter for rewards is Dec 22nd https://www.deviantart.com/hddeviant/journal/WATN-The-Unknown-Over-The-Garden-Wall-1267662687 #watn #wherearetheynow #intothegardenwall #escarpintotheunknown #wirt #greg #theunknown #richardmurray #richardmurrayhumblr #hddeviant Illustration https://www.deviantart.com/hddeviant/art/Escarp-Into-The-Unknown-illustration-1273873023 Text https://www.deviantart.com/hddeviant/art/Where-Is-The-Unknown-Now-1273876913 Audio https://www.tumblr.com/richardmurrayhumblr/802571111918419968/escarp-into-the-unknown-illustration-by-hddeviant https://www.tumblr.com/richardmurrayhumblr/802571111918419968/escarp-into-the-unknown-illustration-by-hddeviant EMBED CODE

False Promises The Struggle for Black Voting Rights in 1800s Ohio by Ric S. Sheffield Imprint: Swallow Press Referral https://aalbc.com/tc/topic/12114-false-promises-the-struggle-for-black-voting-rights-in-1800s-ohio/ my comment https://aalbc.com/tc/topic/12114-false-promises-the-struggle-for-black-voting-rights-in-1800s-ohio/#findComment-78250

The Price of Exclusion The Pursuit of Healthcare in a Segregated Nation By Nicole Carr https://aalbc.com/tc/topic/12115-the-price-of-exclusion-the-pursuit-of-healthcare-in-a-segregated-nation-pre-order-today my comment https://aalbc.com/tc/topic/12115-the-price-of-exclusion-the-pursuit-of-healthcare-in-a-segregated-nation-pre-order-today/#findComment-78249

REFERRAL https://www.tumblr.com/communities/midnight-hour/post/802204635398111232/midnighthour-2026-year-begin-art-challenge?source=share INFO Dear Midnight Hour members. As we have three types of members, three challenges exist, final date of submission for each is Jan 3rd 2026, the challenge only occurs with five or more entries, the prize for each is Tumblr Premium or a commission of equal monetary value: Literary- make a poem based on one BLKTouch film, name the film, and post entry in this community[you can post outside as well, but to participate post in this community] Illustrative- make an illustration based on on BLKTouch film, name the film, and post entry in this community[you can post outside as well, but to participate post in this community] Photographic- make a photographic manipulation based on one BLKTouch film, name the film, and post entry in this community[you can post outside as well, but to participate post in this community] Final Date of Submission Jan 3rd 2026 EXAMPLES OF BLKTOUCH imagery and content https://www.tumblr.com/communities/midnight-hour?tab=recent&tagged=blktouch MEMBERS @richardmurrayhumblr ; @revcleo ; @soogie220 ; @blacknprettyincloudcity ; @voydess ; @weoutheretoo ; @truthhurtz81 ; @betroit ; @yellowflowerevythinks ; @valermorghulis ; @iridescentairess ; @by-april-march ; @sexy-gummi ; @lucidaquarian ; @pixelhotsauce ; @lasergunsandcongodrums ; @vampirepyramidscheme ; @kingkeme ; @dreyvisionary ; @noisilypersistentschism ; @psycheternal ; @sapphirescrolls ; @juicyfruiit8 ; @spikes-123 ; @qtcomicsblog ; @msixelaa ; @kiratheartist ; @wednesdayxmourning ; @annasleffer ; @0ne0nlylarry ; @pangeasgarden ; @musashden ; @melaninmoney ;

At the end of 2025, when I look at the midnighthour community [ linked below] which is designed for all PReto, Negro, Habshi, Kalo [of india], Schwartz, Noir, Kokuchin, Negrito [indigenous of south asia], Australian Aboriginal, Blacks of Jamaica/Haiti/or anywhere in greater west indies, Blacks of Ghana/Nigeria/South Africa/ or anywhere in greater Nubia [commonly called Africa or Libya or Ethiopia], Black Americans, or other terms related to the phenotypical group commonly called a term meaning Black artist of mature/erotic/not safe work work/ or similar art I see a need for another way of existence, as activity has lessened. And so it occurred to me , we have have erotic adult art exchanges, like secret santa art exchanges. And so the Midnight Hour PeriExchange was born. As this is the first it will grow in quality over time. Members have to provide the following, before January 6th 2026 to participate What artstyle will you use[literature{poetry or prose}/illustration{pencil/digital/ink}/photography{you are provided a photograph and you edit it or take a photo of it and edit it }]? What character do you want to have made[please provide any references- note below]? What artstyle do you want said character to be made in[literary{poetry or prose}/illustration{ink/colored pencil}/photography{must provide the photograph}]? With 33 members that is 16 pairs, but with varying art styles and small number , once two pairs are possible I will start. LIST OF PERIEXCHANGE NOTES [possible # of pairs=?] LIST OF PAIRS MEMBERS AT THIS TIME @richardmurrayhumblr ; @revcleo ; @soogie220 ; @blacknprettyincloudcity ; @voydess ; @weoutheretoo ; @truthhurtz81 ; @betroit ; @yellowflowerevythinks ; @valermorghulis ; @iridescentairess ; @by-april-march ; @sexy-gummi ; @lucidaquarian ; @pixelhotsauce ; @lasergunsandcongodrums ; @vampirepyramidscheme ; @kingkeme ; @dreyvisionary ; @noisilypersistentschism ; @psycheternal ; @sapphirescrolls ; @juicyfruiit8 ; @spikes-123 ; @qtcomicsblog ; @msixelaa ; @kiratheartist ; @wednesdayxmourning ; @annasleffer ; @0ne0nlylarry ; @pangeasgarden ; @musashden ; @melaninmoney ; NOTES MIDNIGHT HOUR https://www.tumblr.com/communities/midnight-hour MIDNIGHT HOUR POST https://www.tumblr.com/communities/midnight-hour/post/802205255136886784/midnight-hour-periexchange?source=share THE PERIHELION 2026 https://aalbc.com/tc/events/event/608-perihelion-2026/ COMPREHENDING PERIHELION + APHELION https://aalbc.com/tc/events/event/607-perihelion-aphelion-explanation/ OLDEST KNOWN KEMET MAP https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turin_Papyrus_Map OLD WORLD MAP LIST https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_world_maps

The perihelion of Earth occurs on January 3, 2026, at 12:15 p.m. EST (1715 GMT). This is the point in Earth's orbit where it is closest to the Sun. About Perihelion + Aphelion https://aalbc.com/tc/events/event/607-perihelion-aphelion-explanation/

DATES or GRAPHIC Note: Distances are approximate and calculated from JPL ephemeris data. Pluto is a dwarf planet. Its eccentricity causes it to cross Neptune’s orbit. TEXT In astronomy, perihelion and aphelion are the two extreme points in Earth’s elliptical orbit around the Sun. These terms also apply to any object orbiting the Sun or another star. Perihelion is the point where the object is nearest to the Sun, while aphelion is when it is farthest away. Earth’s orbit is not a perfect circle but a slightly flattened ellipse, with the Sun at one of the foci of the ellipse (not the exact center), so the distance between Earth and the Sun varies slightly over the year. Although these points influence the amount of solar radiation Earth receives, they are not responsible for the seasons. Seasons arise from Earth’s axial tilt, not its distance from the Sun. However, the elliptical shape and the timing of perihelion and aphelion do subtly affect seasonal duration and intensity. Apsis is the general term for orbital extremes (includes perigee and apogee for Earth-orbiting objects). What Are Perihelion and Aphelion? Johannes Kepler coined the terms “perihelion” and “aphelion” to describe the orbits of planets around the Sun. Perihelion: The point in a planet’s orbit where it is nearest to the Sun. Aphelion: The point in the orbit where the planet is farthest from the Sun. These distances are measured from the center of the Sun to the center of the planet. The Earth is about 147.1 million km (91.4 million mi) from the Sun at perihelion and about 152.1 million km (94.5 million mi) at aphelion. Etymology Perihelion comes from the Greek peri- (near) and helios (Sun). Aphelion comes from apo- (away from) and helios (Sun). Both terms use the suffix -helion from the Greek word for Sun and are specific to objects orbiting the Sun. The more general term, apsis, refers to extreme points in any orbital system. Apsis and Earth’s Orbit Although Earth’s orbit is elliptical, the Sun is not located at the center of the ellipse. Instead, it occupies one of the two focal points of the orbit, while the other focus lies in empty space. This means Earth–Sun distance changes slightly throughout the year, giving rise to perihelion and aphelion. The line of apsides connects the perihelion and aphelion of an orbit. For Earth, the apsides shift over time due to gravitational interactions with the Moon and planets, causing apsidal precession. Although Earth’s orbit is almost circular, the slight elliptical shape leads to small but measurable differences in solar distance during the year. These points of apsis don’t align with solstices or equinoxes due to this precession. Eccentricity and Orbital Shape Eccentricity (e) describes how much an orbit deviates from a perfect circle: A circle has eccentricity e = 0. Ellipses have 0 < e < 1. Earth’s current orbital eccentricity is about 0.0167, meaning it’s very close to circular. In graphics, illustrators exaggerate the ellipse to convey that the orbit is not a perfect circle. Over tens of thousands of years, Earth’s eccentricity varies due to gravitational interactions, influencing climate cycles (Milankovitch cycles). Do Perihelion or Aphelion Coincide With Solstices or Equinoxes? Currently, perihelion occurs shortly after the December solstice, and aphelion occurs after the June solstice. The proximity of perihelion to the Northern Hemisphere’s winter solstice slightly shortens winter and lengthens summer. Due to apsidal precession, these dates shift by about one day every 58 years. Around the year 1246, perihelion occurred on the December solstice. In about 10,000 years, it will coincide with the March equinox. Apsis and the Seasons While it’s common to assume that Earth’s varying distance from the Sun causes the seasons, this is not the case. The primary driver of seasonal change is Earth’s axial tilt of about 23.5°, not its distance from the Sun. However, the location of the apsides (perihelion and aphelion) does have subtle effects on seasonal length and solar intensity. At perihelion, Earth is closest to the Sun and moves faster in its orbit due to the increased gravitational pull. As a result, the Northern Hemisphere winter is slightly shorter (about 89 days), while summer is slightly longer (about 93 days). The opposite occurs in the Southern Hemisphere, which receives more intense solar radiation during its shorter summer because of Earth’s proximity to the Sun at that time. The uneven distribution of land and ocean between the hemispheres enhances this asymmetry. The Southern Hemisphere has more ocean, which moderates temperature changes, while the Northern Hemisphere has more landmass and experiences greater seasonal variation despite receiving slightly less sunlight at aphelion. Apsidal Precession and Milankovitch Cycles Over thousands of years, the orientation of Earth’s orbit gradually shifts due to apsidal precession, a slow rotation of the line connecting perihelion and aphelion. Currently, Earth reaches perihelion shortly after the December solstice, but this alignment drifts forward through the calendar over time. This precession completes a full cycle approximately every 112,000 to 130,000 years. As a result, the timing of perihelion slowly changes in relation to the equinoxes and solstices. When perihelion occurs during a Northern Hemisphere summer, the hemispheric seasonal differences are minimized. When it aligns with winter, the seasonal contrast is enhanced. Apsidal precession is one of the three key orbital variations described by Milutin Milankovitch, which influence long-term climate cycles on Earth: Eccentricity – the shape of Earth’s orbit (100,000-year cycle) Axial tilt (obliquity) – the angle of Earth’s axis (41,000-year cycle) Precession – the wobble of Earth’s axis (26,000-year cycle) Together, these Milankovitch cycles affect Earth’s climate patterns and have been linked to the timing of ice ages and interglacial periods. Perigee and Apogee: Apsis Terms for Earth-Orbiting Bodies The -helion suffix refers to a body orbiting the Sun, while the -gee suffix refers to the apsis of a body orbiting Earth. Perigee: Closest point to Earth in the orbit of a satellite or the Moon. Apogee: Farthest point from Earth. These are the equivalents of perihelion and aphelion for orbits around the Earth. For example: The Moon reaches perigee at about 363,300 km and apogee at about 405,500 km. These distances affect apparent size (e.g., supermoons at perigee) and gravitational effects. Comparison With Binary Star Systems or Exoplanets The concept of apsis also applies to planets orbiting other stars or star system. For exoplanets (planets outside our Solar System), the terms periastron and apastron are the general terms for orbiting stars. In binary star systems, the terms periastron and apastron describe the closest and farthest points in the orbit of one star around another. Understanding their orbital eccentricity and distance variation aids in evaluating the planet’s habitability, particularly if large differences in distance lead to extreme temperature swings. Some exoplanets, known as eccentric Jupiters, have highly elliptical orbits that cause drastic changes in their environment as they swing close to and far from their stars. In contrast, planets with low eccentricity and stable distances from their stars are more likely to support Earth-like conditions. In summary, astronomers use periapsis terminology that describes the central body: Perihelion/aphelion – around the Sun Perigee/apogee – around Earth Periastron/apastron – around another star Perijove/apojove – around Jupiter Kepler’s Laws in Context Kepler’s Laws of Planetary Motion describe the mechanics of elliptical orbits, including the behavior of perihelion and aphelion: Law of Ellipses Each planet orbits the Sun in an ellipse with the Sun at one focus (not the center). This explains why Earth has both a closest and farthest point in its orbit. Law of Equal Areas A line joining a planet and the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal time. This means Earth moves faster at perihelion and slower at aphelion, altering the apparent speed of the seasons. Law of Harmonies The square of a planet’s orbital period is proportional to the cube of its semi-major axis: T2 ∝ a3 This law relates orbital duration and distance, and helps astronomers compare orbits across the Solar System. Kepler’s laws form the foundation for Newton’s laws of motion and universal gravitation, and they remain essential for calculating orbits, planning space missions, and understanding the celestial mechanics of planets and moons. FAQs About Perihelion and Aphelion Q: Does perihelion make Earth hotter? A: No, seasons are controlled by axial tilt, not proximity to the Sun. However, perihelion does slightly increase solar radiation, particularly in the Southern Hemisphere. Q: Why isn’t Earth warmest at perihelion? A: The Northern Hemisphere, which has more landmass, tilts away from the Sun during perihelion. Land heats and cools more rapidly than oceans, so Southern Hemisphere summers are slightly milder. Q: Is Earth speeding up or slowing down at perihelion? A: Earth moves faster at perihelion and slower at aphelion, as predicted by Kepler’s second law (equal areas in equal time). Q: Can perihelion and solstice happen on the same day? A: Yes, but it’s rare. The last near-alignment was in 1246 CE. They drift apart due to apsidal precession. Q: Is the orbit getting more or less eccentric? A: Eccentricity varies cyclically (~100,000-year cycles). Currently, Earth’s orbit is becoming slightly less eccentric. Q: What is the difference between perihelion and perigee? A: Perihelion refers to being closest to the Sun. Perigee refers to being closest to Earth in a satellite’s orbit. References D’Eliseo, Maurizio M.; Mironov, Sergey V. (2009). “The Gravitational Ellipse”. Journal of Mathematical Physics. 50 (2): 022901. doi:10.1063/1.3078419 Luo, Siwei (2020). “The Sturm-Liouville problem of two-body system”. Journal of Physics Communications. 4 (6): 061001. doi:10.1088/2399-6528/ab9c30 Michelsen, Neil F. (1982). The American Ephemeris for the 21st Century – 2001 to 2100 at Midnight. Astro Computing Services. ISBN 0-917086-50-3. REFERAL https://sciencenotes.org/perihelion-and-aphelion-closest-and-farthest-points-from-the-sun/

December Solstice Acrostics challenge https://www.deviantart.com/hddeviant/journal/December-Solstice-Acrostics-Challenge-2025-1267664759 content for the acrostics challenge https://aalbc.com/tc/events/event/603-december-acrostic-challenge-content/ the stamp

Non Profit to Profit in 2025 and vice versa Sociedade Anônima do Futebol is the name of former socios, or social club entities. Socios are non profits, that are not allowed to be taxed, but also can't accept investment control from owners. Meaning, socios can accept money but the use of said money can't be controlled by the person giving the money. And the club members have to vote on various things, from sponsorship contracts to other. Expanding on this idea I thought about the inversion. How can a football club go from paying investors to a Socio, a non profit, that is still profitable? oddly enough I think elements of my thoughts below allow for an inversion. one of the problems with Black countries is the years of fiscal capitalism have taught, very negative lessons, not wrong ones, but negative ones. Meaning what? Most black governments or the populaces in them, love fiscal capitalism. But not the rule of law. They love fiscal capitalism because it allows anyone to: make the rule of law legalize their crimes[ala whites [whether european/muslim/asian or other] with enslaving black people] ,to skip the rule or penalty of law [ala non blacks the world over who used to have the law on their side committing the same acts illegally but evading penalty] , while also skirt the responsibility of government [that many blacks don't want to have while wanting to be very financially wealthy] . So when I look at a Nigeria, the populace will never accept a modulation of For Profit football clubs in Nigeria to a Not For Profit football clubs in Nigeria. Consider that the NFF, nigerian football federation, has never won the African Nations Championship. Now what is the African Nations Championship. It is a championship designed for members of CAF, the confederation of African Football , to field players in their domestic tournament in a flag competition. Meaning what? All members are entered, but each member can only field those who play in their domestic league. Here are the winners, with the number of times they won, from first to most recent, it started in 2009: DR Congo 2, Tunisia 1, Libya 1, Morocco 3, Senegal 1 Now look at some winners of the cup of nations started in 1957, based on quantity, most to least: Egypt 7, Cameroon 5, Ghana 4, Nigeria 3, Ivory Coast 3, Algeria 2, DR Congo 2 so... the top six clubs in the cup of nations, open to CAF players who play anywhere, have never won a tournament based on only domestic players in the same geographic zone. Thus why I think the NFF is a great marker of the quality of CAF football associations. Nigeria recently has complained about their inability to enter the world cup but Nigeria has only been the top two of the Nations championship once. And this goes back to fiscal capitalism. Many Black people love the ability of whites to pay for their services, generational wealth, saving their town or villages or communities. Sadio MAne/Ngolo kante/Koulibaly/Samuel Eto'o ... a long list of CAF players with very financially profitable careers outside CAF have helped the strangers in their bloodline. But,in a competition absent the money focused on the quality, many of those players countries have never placed or have an atrocious record of placement. That proves the profit to nonprofit will probably not be implementable, because affordable, management, isn't where the money is. And that connects to how they view fiscal capitalism. This is what happens when you don't have the "immigrant story" the fiscally poor stranger came into an unwelcomed place and was allowed to work and made a happy life for themselves. The black people in the caribbean/continent/south america/north america who have been in said places since eighteen hundreds have the survived enslavement story. That story isn't about the rule of law, it is about getting enough power to be above the rule of law or to bend the rule of law. And too often black people who have come to embrace the idea of fiscal capitalism aside the rule of law as a brilliant positively inspiring power couple for individual achievement aside collective peace , miss how most other black people have no personal history or historical view to the global black village to come to such conclusions on their own , absent a sickly delusion. My Thoughts After Reading S.A.F. info below and thinking on Santos Interesting how it was admitted dividends are rarely the goal, meaning most of the S.A.F.'s are for resale or part of a Keiretsu-like scenario. But I see the financial action. Socios have to vote on becoming S.A.F.'s with various rules in their voting process they are free to do, thus the vote from the socio members becomes financially huge. If the majority do not vote in favor the socio remains but if the majority vote in favor the rules voted on simultaneously heavily influence the S.A.F. born from the socio. And if the votes are in favor then the socio isn't destroyed, it remains and a S.A.F. takes all of the socios assets and gets none of the socios debt. The S.A.F. given a favorable tax burden for the first five years as well as the ability of members or others to buy bonds for the debt/actions of the club. The S.A.F. has to have a community investment program which is loosely described in the law. While the socio retains all the debt. The S.A.F. has to contribute to payments of the debt. Two methods to pay for the debt exist Centralized Enforcement Regime , Judicial reorganization. In the end Vasco proves Santos was wise to wait. While I know many clubs , like Bahia or Botafogo jumped at the chance to S.A.F. I think Santos and any Socio that waits is wiser. New financial environments historically have mostly bad returns for most early entrants. yes, the minority of early entrants become glorified in magazines like Forbes but the reality is, the majority of early entrants is the truth and I can see that a wise socio look at what others are doing, what is going on wrong, what is going well and then go forward with the experience of neighbors to dictate. yes, it will make these years tough with potential relegation and bigger budget teams about but it will also allow for wiser financial choices. Bahia wants circa 23,000 USA dollars circa 120,000 Brasilian Real to convert a socio to an S.A.F. The Carioca want 94,000 US dollars or 500,000 Real Paulista want nothing for conversion. The three capitals of Brasil before Brasilia show a different tact. Sao Paulo is inviting Socios to modulate. Rio is being most resistant, not enough to stop international sharks but enough to stop little socios. Bahia is inviting Brasilian as well as foreign investors. No socio going into S.A.F. in brasil has consider an initial public offering stock options but I think the realm of more collective shareholder values is interesting. Textor and the 777's of the world, are looking to own, the king's without crowns. But, through futures or bonds a socio can go into S.A.F. inviting investment but still retaining control by members. What about a socio agreeing to become an S.A.F. based on a futures exchange, where each share of the club, each membership becomes a futures contract, and then the exchange is where the contracts can be traded. The future contracts can be based on a combination of (revenue streams in accumulated value substracted by wages-utilities-upkeep) multiplied by athletic achievement as a percentage. For example lets say the following are revenue streams: shirt sponsor, stadium sponsor, tickets, share of media payment for league, local media payment, transfer money income expenses : wages,stadium upkeep, transfer fees,youth development cost Note: S.A.F.'s start debtless athletic achievement in competitions entered so if not in one of the following not related: state championship, brasilierao,copa do brasil, libertadores, intercontinental cup, club world cup. Example : lets say a club is in the state champions, brasilerao, copa do brasil so it is in three competitions: winning each is 100% so winning all three is 300% now the maximum result is 300% so outcome over maximum in the example case gives you 1 so the revenue minus expenses is the result of the contract. But lets say you get 2nd in the state, round of 16 in copa, 8th in brasilerao, you will have 90% 75% 66% , now I argue you can add weights for each tournament, but keeping this simple for the example, you will circa 250% so over 300% means 5/6th of the value of (revenue - expenses) for the future contract. So athletic success influences the returns more potently than the acquisition of sponsors or et cetera. The original socio can become the spot market, thus it doesn't gain debt and is only a place of immediate exchange, with small transactions fees going to the socio to pay off its debt. The spot market has rules like the athletic achievement combined or in part reach 30% relates to automatic revenue deliveries so giving investors back a percentage of what they invested. And since S.A.F.'s start debt free. The socio when it voted to make a S.A.F. needed a debt relief bond, where people give money for potential debt relief to receive the money back in five seasons. This bond money is vital for the SAF to have capitol to spur the futures market. Thus in this way, while the S.A.F. doesn't have a rigid owner, it has futures contracts , that can be traded and a coverage by the socio for debts to allow for a level of feasible risk who also acts as the clearing house between the S.A.F. and investors. Lastly, to grow the quantity of contracts, each new contract for the S.A.F. exchange demands the maker of the contract to pay for a bond in the socio spot market. Yes, an investor is thus paying for their own risk aversion. But the point of that is to clear out wild investors but also keep debt of the S.A.F. to zero by the financial agreements. Finally, while the transactions of the socio spot market each have a small fee to help to pay the socios debts, the transactions of the S.A.F. futures market each have a small fee as revenue to the S.A.F. which can be used to automatically make more contracts and bonds or go into a savings account for a rainy day accumulating over time. Which can be a bond market for the S.A.F. that can be traded. Now outside the yearly mentioned above, who can not vote on the people in the organization, the voting powers should be to those who hold generational futures contracts[ 20 years ] can vote on various people. Thus the socios who originally voted each have one generational contract through their 20 year futures contract. And this is another venue for outside investors, others can buy 20 year futures contracts but they have to pay for 20 year bonds in the spot market. Each time someone buys a 20 year futures contract they increase the value of the futures contracts already present. I think what I suggest while it doesn't provide the financial injections that being sold to billionaire does, I think it provides ,with obvious algorithmic tweaking or specificity, long term longevity and profit making capability, not merely on new investors but really the management of the club. So for example if you are a textor type, and you want to control the club , you can buy a set of 20 years futures contracts in the S.A.F. and parallel 20 year bonds in the socio spot market, thus giving you through the quantity of 20 years futures contracts more votes than anyone, but this doesn't bar others from doing just like you did. Rules in the original vote can make it where voting for ceo's and others doesn't occur till the end of a season so no chaos in administration. but, many can buy investment in the yearlies which are gambles still but have a level of security in that you have to buy a bond to support the security, so it isn't a random house. The goal in my mind of S.A.F. for any socio is how to get what the germans have in the 30% rule but even better. The New York City 1980s was a time for sharks. what are sharks really? sharks are those who buy or sell firms. Nothing wrong with that. Buying and selling firms in whole or part allows for resources to be distributed, debts to be slowed, financial activity to be contained. What don't sharks do? they don't actually run businesses. If I own a film studio and we had ten years of success, 90% of our films made 300% profit or better in the first month of coming out, a shark can look to buy the film studio and the buyers will buy over price, paying me the former owner and other shareholders a lot of money and we can go on and do other things. While the new owners can try and maintain, maybe they succeed and maybe they fail. If I own a music label and we had ten years of falling sales and undesired output after thirty years of industry dominance, a shark can come in and buy my label , getting more money for the parts people may want, like the catalog but the parts people don't want can be split/divested and sold to another or just ended. The new owners to parts of my firm and try to regain the better years. But, the sharks don't actually manage the running of the firms. The sharks only function is the financial industries, but not the actual running of various firms. S.A.F. info Sociedade Anônima do Futebol info What is SAF? Understand the format that changed Brazilian football How does it work and what are the differences between association and company? What are the advantages and disadvantages? And the obligations? Get to know this specific type of company created in 2021 By Rodrigo Capelo 02/09/2022 16h35 Up-to-date a year ago What is SAF? The Sociedade Anônima do Futebol (SAF) is a specific type of company, created by Congress on August 6, 2021, through Law 14.193/2021. The legislation encourages football clubs to migrate from the non-profit civil association to the business one. The SAF Law, as it became known, encourages the change to this club-company format, which has governance, control and specific means of financing for the activity of football. How can the club open a SAF? Clubs can be founded directly with this structure, they can be converted from a civil association to a SAF or they can spin off their football department, with the transfer of all assets related to football activity to the company. Once the company is incorporated, it is possible to sell a majority, minority, or all of its capital to a new owner. John Textor, Ronaldo and 777 Partners were the first cases of great repercussion, respectively with Botafogo, Cruzeiro and Vasco. What is the main change? Historically, most football clubs in Brazil have been structured as civil associations, a private, non-profit organization formed by the union of members. These people elect representatives to the Deliberative and Fiscal Councils, in addition to a president. The association cannot be sold to investors. Unlike what happens in much of Europe, where clubs are companies and can be bought and sold by third parties, associations are managed solely by the membership. The SAF opened the possibility of partial or total sale of football to new owners. They can be entrepreneurs, investment funds and even the IPO on the Stock Exchange – an option not yet tried by any Brazilian club, but common in other countries. What is the difference between president and owner? In football, the civil association usually has a structure similar to that of the government. Members elect representatives to the Deliberative Council, a kind of Legislative, and to the board of directors, which resembles the Executive. The president is the head of the ticket. The chairman of the board is given a term of office, usually between two and four years, with or without the right to re-election, and is joined by statutory vice presidents. In Brazilian football, these figures are not paid and are only in charge temporarily. In the case of a STC, the owner has decision-making power definitively. Whoever buys part or all of a club-company will only leave the business, except on extraordinary occasions, on the day they sell their stake in the company to another person, company or fund. How does SAF management work? The club-company has a professional structure hired by its owner, usually composed of specialists in the main areas: CEO (chief executive officer) Chief Financial Officer (CFO) CLO (chief legal officer) CMO (chief marketing officer) Director of football All these professionals are hired, directed and fired by the owners – whether it is a single person or a composition of partners. These, in turn, are usually organized into a Board of Directors, in which the main decisions are made. Civil associations can also organize themselves in the same way, internally. In theory, the main difference is that, as these entities frequently alternate presidents, there is a constant complaint of instability in Brazilian football, with each change of president. Can associations resume football? It depends on each negotiation. In the cases of Botafogo, Cruzeiro and Vasco, the associations sold a majority stake in the capital of SAF to John Textor, Ronaldo and 777 Partners. In this process, each club established contracts that dictate rights and duties for each party. If there is a violation of this agreement, it is possible that clauses provide for exits. Can SAF be resold? The club-company is an asset, just like a conventional company, and can be bought and sold freely. An entrepreneur who owns 90% of a SAF can resell any percentage under his ownership, including everything, according to his commercial interests. Why buy a SAF? The entrepreneur can have a return on this investment through: Resale of part or all of the club-company for an amount greater than that invested since his arrival; Receiving dividends, that is, profits obtained by the operation of the club-company – a less frequent option. Integration of the football club into a chain of other businesses, so that they are directly benefited What are the advantages of SAF? 1. Tax regime Civil associations are exempt from various taxes, such as Corporate Income Tax (IRPJ) and Social Contribution on Net Income (CSLL). There was resistance from managers to opt for conventional models of companies, as corporations and limited liability companies have a higher tax burden, so the STC has a special regime, in replacement. In the first five years after incorporation, the SAF is subject to the monthly payment of a unified tax, limited to 5% on monthly revenues, except for athlete transfers. From the sixth year onwards, the rate drops to 4%, but is levied on all the company’s revenues, including sales of economic rights of players. 2. Football debentures The SAF can issue football debentures, a debt security. Fans can invest money in the purchase of these bonds, with remuneration not less than the savings account, and redeem the investment after two years. The money contributed can be used to pay expenses, expenses or debts of the club-company by its administrators. What are the disadvantages of SAF? Sociedade Anônima do Futebol is committed to the creation of an Educational and Social Development Program, in which, in agreement with a public educational institution, it will promote measures to develop education through soccer. Girls should also be contemplated, with equal right of access to sport. The STC can invest in: a) renovate or build a public school, as well as a court or field for the practice of soccer; b) to institute a transportation system for students; c) feeding students during periods of recreation and training; d) to train former players to minister and conduct activities; e) hire auxiliary professionals, such as physical trainers, nutritionists and psychologists; f) acquire equipment, materials and accessories necessary for the practice of soccer within the scope of the project. What happens to debt? Debts remain with the civil association, that is, they are not transferred to the newly created company. The STC becomes responsible for contributing to the payment of these obligations, within the limits established by law. Since the association loses almost all of its operating revenues – as football has been transferred to the management of the club-company – there are two options to deal with the debt: 1. Centralized Enforcement Regime The SAF Law created a mechanism called the Centralized Enforcement Regime, which works as a queue for creditors of a civil and labor nature. The company assumes the responsibility of contributing to the payment of this queue, with 20% of its current monthly revenues. In principle, clubs that adhere to this regime have a period of six years to pay their debts. If at least 60% of the debt is paid off in this period, an extension of another four years is granted to pay off the remainder. Therefore, the deadline to pay is up to ten years. The Centralized Enforcement Regime also opens the possibility of reducing debts by at least 30%, through discounts. To define the order of payment of creditors, priority is given to older credits and also to profiles: a) elderly; b) people with serious illnesses; c) people with credits less than 60 minimum wages; d) pregnant woman; e) victims of work accidents in soccer. 2. Judicial reorganization Judicial – or extrajudicial – reorganization is usually used by companies that are almost bankrupt, but which have economic relevance to society. In summary, these companies can renegotiate civil and labor debts with the mediation of the government, so that the credits are written off by discounts and paid in a new term. The role of the SAF Law, in this case, was to guarantee access to this tool for clubs that become companies. The legislation also anticipates that bilateral contracts and contracts with players can be transferred from the civil association to the club-company, without being involved in the agreement to be negotiated during the judicial reorganization. How is tradition protected? As long as the civil association that gave rise to the club has at least one class A common share, regardless of the percentage of the interest, this entity will have veto power over the following items: a) change of name; b) change of symbol, coat of arms, brand, nickname, anthem and color; c) change of headquarters to another municipality. Who created the SAF? The intellectual mentors of the Sociedade Anônima do Futebol are lawyers Rodrigo Monteiro de Castro and José Francisco Manssur. They have dedicated themselves to the study of business structures in football since at least 2015, when they published the book “Football, Market and State”, in which they pointed out foreign proposals and references. Subsequently, the content of this study was presented in the National Congress by Senator Rodrigo Pacheco (PSD-MG), in 2019. Bill 5,519/2019, which culminated in the creation of the SAF Law, was drafted by Senator Carlos Portinho (PL-RJ). The first companies in Brazilian football, under this unprecedented format, appeared in a few months. Article Referral https://ge.globo.com/negocios-do-esporte/noticia/2022/09/02/o-que-e-saf-entenda-o-formato-de-clube-empresa-que-mudou-o-futebol-brasileiro.ghtml What is left to the original association when the SAF has an owner? Experiences from other countries teach a lot about the risks to which Brazilian clubs have exposed themselves for not having developed the necessary mechanisms for their own protection Rio de Janeiro 03/28/2024 03:06 AM Up-to-date a year ago In his first press conference since taking over the presidency of Vasco da Gama, former player Pedrinho raised several questions about the limit of the original association in the direction of Vasco SAF, the company that manages the club’s professional football and which is now controlled by the North American group 777 Partners. “Unfortunately I am not part of the process. But I’m always willing to help Vasco, above any goal (…) Sportingly, I think I could collaborate”, said the president of Vasco about the little space that the association has in the current SAF. “It’s their choice, period. There is no crying, lamentation,” he added. Pedrinho’s complaint is especially due to having been invited, before leaving as a candidate, to give opinions on the club’s sports planning. Once at the head of the association, the treatment changed drastically. As president of the club, Pedrinho is no longer seen as an ally for the SAF. “I have no interest in taking the 777. I’m interested in giving a new direction, a new direction to Vasco. The SAF was created to professionalize football. We expect transparency, sports performance (…)”, justified Pedrinho, still showing himself willing to deal amicably with the employees of 777 Partners. However, the Vasco idol also made clear his disagreement with the SAF model: “The model that was created in a contract, then yes, is no longer very much to my liking. It is a relationship in which I am a partner and I have functions such as supervising and collecting. This cannot be a nuisance to anyone.” “Charging, inspecting is a natural process of a [business] society. I don’t know if the behavior of the previous administration created a different habit, but this is not a pattern”, reinforced Pedrinho. There are several interesting points in these speeches, which today stand out in Vasco’s SAF because of the low sports performance and the errors in the decision-making of the management of the SAF – which has already changed CEO, director of football or coach in just over a year –; but that should be discussed by all other SAFs where the original clubs have become a decorative piece. Basically, all SAFs were structured in the same way: the associative club holds few seats on the Board of Directors and on the Fiscal Council, reducing its participation to access to confidential documents, contracts and financial data and the sporadic moment of transmitting some dissatisfaction at shareholders’ meetings. Which is rarely done in public. In clubs that have 30% (Vasco), 25% (Atlético) or 10% (Bahia, Coritiba, Cruzeiro and Botafogo), the position is always secondary, without enough power. The position of the association in each of them will vary, of course, according to what was discussed in the election of the association. It is where Pedrinho’s press conference matters most. Vasco lives this distancing because it was the first club to hold elections without swearing in a group fully aligned with the management that operationalized the sale of SAF. In the other cases, until then, the association’s command has remained the same or with figures close to the administrations that sold the SAF. As long as the friendship relationship between the association and SAF lasts, we will hardly see situations similar to Vasco’s come to light, even in the worst of sporting scenarios. In the case of Coritiba, for example, the elections scheduled for last December were postponed and have not yet been rescheduled. In the midst of this, there was a vexatious demotion and a lot of contestation from the members to the business model, but the association’s management never manifested itself frontally. The situation of cornering of the associations is not surprising, because it has always been the objective of those who promoted the SAFs as a panacea for Brazilian football. There are understandable reasons for so much repulsion to the original club – for being closed (with the exception of a few cases), for the history of the top hats who have controlled it previously, for the state in which the institution was at the time of sale – but this whole process of demonization of the associations should be expensive. After all, the association will be the last instance of salvation for the club, if everything goes wrong in the SAF. There is no safe choice in extirpating association from decision-making, because at some point it will be necessary. In addition, at the same time that the SAFs have been structured in such a way as to prevent the participation of the association, the business models seem tailor-made to empty these century-old organizations. What is the ideal scenario for those who buy a SAF: not having to be accountable to anyone or, at most, having to communicate with a dying association, without strength and representativeness. If at first this was desired to guarantee the work autonomy of the “qualified professionals hired by investors”, perhaps the occasional sellers have eliminated important escape routes that will be missed at the necessary time. Today it is too early to visualize something catastrophic in this sense, but experiences from other countries should begin to be better studied so that the risks that clubs run for not having developed the necessary mechanisms for their own protection can be perceived. In the current scenario, it is not possible to speculate on the nature or scruples of the groups that took over the SAFs, but it is not just a purely moral issue either. There are a number of possible situations that can drastically alter the pretensions of these “investors” with “their SAFs”, and in the end everything is business: will professional football pass from hand to hand – from buyer to buyer – or will it be allowed to conceive the resumption of its control by the original association? This alternative already seems eliminated from the scenario. A bad early sporting phase for what was expected from the investments of the SAFs has already put Vasco in a situation of worrying distancing. The controllers of the SAF are not obliged to listen to the original club. The original club does not see the tools at its disposal to act positively. In a few years, it will not only be sports results that will be the factors of dissatisfaction and distance between clubs and SAFs. The history of club-companies around the world tells controversial, highly complex situations that are still little visible in the Brazilian scenario. It will be up to the fans to keep the association alive and strong, because it will be through it that things will pass at the necessary time. - Irlan Simões (@irlansimoes) is the author of the book “The Club’s Production: power, business and community in football” (2023) https://morula.com.br/produto/clube/ and organizer of the work “Clube Empresa: global critical approaches to corporations in football” (2020). ARTICLE URL https://ge.globo.com/blogs/blog-do-irlan-simoes/post/2024/03/28/o-que-resta-a-associacao-original-quando-a-saf-tem-dono.ghtml How much does it cost to become SAF? Fees charged by Federations range from R$ 30 thousand to R$ 500 thousand; see list The Federation of Rio de Janeiro is the one that charges the most expensive, followed by those of Pernambuco and Minas Gerais; Paulista, on the other hand, is the only one among the top ten that still does not charge for the change By João de Andrade Neto — Recife 01/19/2024 03:17 PM Up-to-date a year ago Since it was created by the National Congress in August 2021, the Sociedade Anônima do Futebol (SAF) has become a recurring subject in Brazilian football, with many clubs already adhering to the format and many others preparing to make the change from the associative model to club-company. Migration that, to be official, needs to be registered by the state federations, which have been authorized by the CBF, since 2022, to charge the so-called “conversion fee”. Charge that, depending on each state, varies from R$ 30 thousand to R$ 500 thousand. The ge verified in documents made available on the official websites of the entities and in contact with the advisories the amounts charged by the ten best-placed federations in the CBF ranking: São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, Rio Grande do Sul, Paraná, Ceará, Goiás, Santa Catarina, Bahia and Pernambuco. The federation with the most expensive rate is Rio de Janeiro. According to the values released by the entity, a club that is in the state’s A1 Series will have to pay R$ 500 thousand to migrate to SAF. The charge is now R$ 300 thousand and R$ 200 thousand for clubs that compete in the A2 and A3 Series of the State, respectively. These amounts started to be charged last year, and are still valid, according to Ferj’s press office. It is worth remembering that Botafogo and Vasco sold their shares in 2022. Pernambuco and Ceará on opposite paths The second federation to charge the most is Pernambucana, which readjusted the fee from R$ 120 thousand to R$ 400 thousand as of this year. An increase of 233%. None of the big three in the state have become SAF so far, but they work for it. Who has more advanced talks is Náutico, which already has an offer from a group of investors that can reach, between investment plan and guaranteed costs, R$ 980 million over ten years for the purchase of 90% of the shares. Sport, on the other hand, is in the process of reformulating its statute with a view to adhering to the SAF model, while Santa Cruz, which even had advanced talks with investors, according to the board that left the club at the end of last year, is again at square one. But the transformation to the SAF is considered a priority by the current president, Bruno Rodrigues. The Ceará Federation, on the other hand, took the opposite path by reducing the value of the fee, from R$ 400 thousand charged until last year to R$ 120 thousand from 2024. In the state, Fortaleza approved in September the change to Sociedade Anônima do Futebol, but without share sales for now, a unique model in Brazilian football so far. In December, the club’s then-president Marcelo Paz resigned to take over as CEO of Fortaleza EC SAF. Ceará, on the other hand, does not treat adherence to the Corporations model as a priority. Bahia, Goiás and Minas The Goiana and Bahia federations also charge R$ 120 thousand for the conversion into SAF. In Goiás, the three main clubs, Goiás, Atlético-GO and Vila Nova, are in the process of moving. Bahia, on the other hand, since March last year, has 90% of football shares controlled by the City Group. Vitória, for now, has not yet taken direction in this direction In Minas Gerais, where the big three have already adhered to the SAF model, with Cruzeiro being the first club in Brazil, still in 2021, the Minas Gerais Federation currently charges R$ 250 thousand for the change. Third saltier rate, behind only Rio de Janeiro and Pernambuco. No charge in São Paulo and “bargain” in the South Leader of the CBF ranking among federations, São Paulo is the only one among the top 10 not to charge the “conversion fee” for the SAF model, according to the resolution published in July last year. The state is the one with the most clubs that have already become a corporation, with 10. One more than Minas Gerais, according to the Academic League of Corporate Law of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. The three federations in the South Region of the country charge the lowest amounts, with Catarinense being the cheapest: only R$ 30 thousand. The state has among its affiliates four clubs that have already joined the SAF model, including Figueirense. In the Paranaense and Gaucho Federations, this amount is R$ 60 thousand, and in Rio Grande do Sul this fee will be charged as of this year. Paraná is the third state in the country with the most SAFS, eight in all. The amounts charged by the federations São Paulo Federation - Does not charge a fee Rio de Janeiro Federation - 500 thousand* Pernambuco Federation - R$ 400 thousand Minas Gerais Federation - R$ 250 thousand Ceará Federation - R$ 120 thousand Goiás Federation - R$ 120 thousand Bahia Federation - R$ 120 thousand Federação Gaúcha - R$ 60 thousand** Paranaense Federation - R$ 60 thousand Santa Catarina Federation - R$ 30 thousand *Clubs that are in the A2 Series of the State pay R$ 300 thousand and those in the A3 Series, R$ 200 thousand ** Charges for the first time in 2024 ARTICLE URL https://ge.globo.com/pe/futebol/noticia/2024/01/19/quanto-custa-para-virar-saf-taxas-cobradas-por-federacoes-variam-de-r-30-mil-a-r-500-mil-veja-lista.ghtml Judicial and extrajudicial reorganization, bankruptcy and civil insolvency: a guide to understanding what can happen to indebted clubs Leaders, politicians and lawyers are beginning to speak publicly about mechanisms that can save associations mistreated by decades of mismanagement. And the fans deserve to understand them São Paulo 06/02/2020 06h00 Up-to-date 5 years ago By Rodrigo Capelo Judicial reorganization, extrajudicial reorganization, bankruptcy and civil insolvency. As soccer clubs collapse financially, officials, politicians and lawyers are beginning to spread these terms as possible solutions to reverse decades of mismanagement in associations. The terms have already entered the vocabulary of the Cruzeirense. Vittorio Medioli, a businessman who briefly participated in the provisional administration of Cruzeiro, publicly defended that the club enter into judicial reorganization to undo the damage caused by the Wagner Pires de Sá and Gilvan de Pinho Tavares administrations. The subject matters to practically every indebted club, however. In the face of the critical situations in Brazilian football, behind the scenes there are people interested in resorting to these mechanisms to clean up the indebtedness of the associations. In some cases, this would help improve the chances of migrating to a business structure. Due to the high degree of complexity and high relevance for the future of Brazilian football, the blog recorded a podcast to explain the mechanisms with the participation of Marcelo Sacramone, https://interativos.ge.globo.com/podcasts/programa/dinheiro-em-jogo/episodio/dinheiro-em-jogo-39-clube-de-futebol-pode-falir-entenda-as-opcoes-para-salvar-os-times-endividados/ judge of the 2nd Court of Bankruptcy and Judicial Reorganization of São Paulo. This text serves as a support to understand each of the ways out for those in debt. Judicial reorganization What is it for? To recover a company that is relevant to society, especially for the jobs it generates, which is going through an economic crisis. What are the requirements? Perform business activity for at least two years. In other words, in order to enter into a judicial reorganization process, the legal entity must be a company – a corporation, limited liability company or other similar corporate structure. Non-profit civil associations – like most football clubs in Brazil – cannot enter into judicial reorganization, unless they migrate to the business structure and wait two years or there is a change in the legislation. What is the procedure? First, the company submits the request for judicial reorganization to the Court, with justifications to obtain the benefit of renegotiating its debts under the supervision of the government. If the Court allows the proceeding, the company (debtor) will have 60 days (two months) to present a plan for payment to the group of people with whom it has accumulated debts (creditors). When the reorganization plan is presented, the creditors will decide whether to accept or reject the proposal. If they accept, creditors will receive the amounts according to the conditions set out in this agreement. If they do not accept, the company will be declared bankrupt. After the agreement, the Court still monitors compliance with this reorganization for two years to ensure that the debtor follows the plan. What are the benefits? Creditors are allowed to receive the amounts that were outstanding, albeit with discounts and in installments. In another hypothesis, they could receive nothing. Judicial reorganization also requires that the agreement be collective, that is, no creditor can take advantage of another with the seizure of revenues, for example. To the company (debtor), the judicial reorganization allows it to reduce its indebtedness and preserve its activity. Additionally, all blockades and seizures suffered by this company are suspended for 180 days (six months). This happens precisely so that no creditor gets ahead of another when it comes to obtaining the money from a lien. “Why will everything be suspended? To prevent a more sophisticated, faster lender from being able to take an asset and harm everything else. The law says: during these 180 days, everything will be suspended against the debtor. The problem with this is that case law has extended this period. Here in the State of São Paulo, this period has taken two years on average. It is very different from the 180 days. It is alleged that creditors are negotiating, so it is better to maintain this suspension than to let someone run outside to pledge a certain asset”, explains Marcelo Sacramone. What does the negotiation depend on? Generally, two factors: 1.Of the assets that can be sold to raise money. This goes for everything that has some value for the company. In the case of clubs, they would be real estate (social and administrative headquarters, training centers and stadiums), player contracts and brand (shield) 2.From the revenue forecast in the new business plan. If the company understands that its financial recovery will allow investments and make it raise more money, part of these resources can be redirected to pay creditors Taking these factors into account, the probability of a good deal for both parties will be determined. In the case of a company that has no assets to sell and/or does not have the potential to increase its revenue, creditors will have problems obtaining good values. Does recovery involve debt forgiveness? Most of the time. The debtor would not have the money to pay all the debts under normal conditions. So he usually bases the recovery plan on extending the payment deadline and negotiating discounts on the amounts due. Lenders may understand that it is better to receive some money than none at all. Therefore, they agree to forgive part of the amounts due in exchange for the scheduled payment. This only happens if the absolute majority of creditors agree with the proposed conditions. “In an average plan, the debtor will pay in 11 years and with half of what he owed. This is an average plan. 30% of the plans involve selling something to make cash to satisfy that plan. Then the creditors will be called to a General Meeting in which they will meet to deliberate if that is the best proposal, if the debtor could not propose something better, make some suggestion, and it is up to the debtor to understand whether or not he will maintain the original proposal”, says Marcelo Sacramone. Are there rules for the formulation of the plan? Labor debts (with former employees) must be paid within a period of less than one year, from the moment the debtor’s proposal is accepted by the creditors. The limitation of labor debts concerns the term, but not the discount. As long as the creditors agree to forgive part of the debt, the debtor can reduce this amount. This is a huge potential problem for football clubs. The labor debts of associations – with players, coaches and employees of other departments – are usually much higher than in conventional companies. Especially in the case of the most traditional and most indebted clubs in Brazilian football. Out-of-court reorganization What is it for? Extrajudicial reorganization has similar mechanics to judicial reorganization, but the negotiation phase between debtor and creditors is done out of court. The agreement needs to be taken to a judge, however, so that he can verify the conditions and ratify the decision. The negotiation does not have to happen with all creditors at the same time. For example, the company can renegotiate only debts with financial institutions (bank debts). In out-of-court reorganization, the negotiation also does not need the approval of an absolute majority to be confirmed. If the debtor obtains the approval of 60% of the creditors, the other 40% are obliged to accept the conditions of the reorganization plan. Bankruptcy What is it for? It is the consequence of a judicial reorganization that did not work out – that is, in which the creditors did not accept the proposal made by the debtor and decided that the best way would be to file for bankruptcy. It is also possible to have direct bankruptcy, but this is a rare case. In the event of bankruptcy, the debtor loses all power over the assets and the power to manage them. He is removed immediately. The court appoints a trustee, and this trustee sells all assets to raise money. Real estate, brands, contracts, everything that is possible to sell on the market, comes into play to pay creditors. What are the requirements? Only companies can go bankrupt. Non-profit civil associations, like most football clubs in Brazil, cannot go through this process without some change in legislation. Who can file for bankruptcy of a company? Debtors or creditors. In practice, no one asks. The debtor usually understands that it is better to continue activity and try to pay off debts, while creditors avoid the risk of receiving nothing if there are not enough assets to sell. In football, filing for bankruptcy of a club would have an additional effect: social pressure on creditors or directors (responsible for the debtor) who filed for bankruptcy of a traditional club. What are the benefits? If the liquidation of all assets generates money to pay off at least 50% of the debts, the company cannot be charged for the other 50%. “Bankruptcy is a prize for the entrepreneur who has had a failure. If I liquidate all the assets and with that amount I manage to pay half of the creditors, he is free the next day to return to his activity. There is an extinction of his debts. Problems with this: bankruptcy lasts an average of 12 years, that is, the process never ends. If the process does not end and he is unable to pay this 50%, he will stay another five years after the closure still linked to these obligations”, explains Marcelo Sacramone. Civil Insolvency What is it? It is a form of liquidation of all assets and payment of creditors. There is no possibility of collective bargaining. The club would need to enter into an agreement individually with all creditors. What are the requirements? Civil insolvency applies to non-profit civil associations. Football clubs can go through this procedure at any time. Who can apply for the insolvency of an association? Debtors or creditors. In practice, no one asks. The debtor does not ask because it would cease to exist and would not be able to preserve its activity, and creditors do not usually ask because they would hardly be able to receive the amounts. In addition, as the negotiations are individual, some creditors could outsmart others by taking advantage of the resources obtained from the sale of assets such as stadiums, venues and players. What is the difference between bankruptcy and insolvency? In a civil insolvency process, even if the sale of all the association’s assets pays more than 50% of the debts, the association will continue to be linked to the rest of the debts until they expire. The statute of limitations can be from five to ten years, depending on whether there has been a crime. In practically all cases, it is not worth it. @rodrigocapelo ARTICLE URL https://ge.globo.com/blogs/blog-do-rodrigo-capelo/post/2020/02/06/recuperacao-judicial-extrajudicial-falencia-e-insolvencia-civil-um-guia-para-entender-o-que-pode-acontecer-com-clubes-endividados.ghtml Bill No. 5516, of 2019 See also: VET 43/2021 Authorship: Senator Rodrigo Pacheco (DEM/MG) No. in the Chamber of Deputies: PL 5516/2019 Generated Rule: Law No. 14,193 of 08/06/2021 Subject: Economy and Development > Taxes, Social Policy > Sports and Leisure Summary: Creates the Brazilian Football System, through the typification of the Football Corporation, establishment of governance, control and transparency rules, institution of means of financing football activity and provision of a transitory tax system. Explanation of the Summary: Creates the figure of the Sociedade Anônima do Futebol, whose main activity consists of the practice of soccer in professional competitions, defines its financing, administration, governance and control; and establishes a special regime for the calculation of federal taxes applicable to the species. PROPOSITIONS Identification: PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Rodrigo Pacheco (DEM/MG) Date: 10/10/2019 Description/Syllabus Creates the Brazilian Football System, through the typification of the Football Corporation, establishment of governance, control and transparency rules, institution of means of financing football activity and provision of a transitory tax system. Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8023943&ts=1721927154468&disposition=inline Identification: Initial single article Author: Federal Senate Date: 15/10/2019 Description/Syllabus - Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Forwarded for publication. To the CAE and EC, the latter being responsible for the final decision. (This processed contains twenty (20) numbered sheets.) | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8025061&ts=1721927154503&disposition=inline OPINIONS Identification: Legislative Report Author: Senator Carlos Portinho (PL/RJ) Date: 08/06/2021 Description/Syllabus Seem Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: The report and the attachments forwarded by the Rapporteur, Senator Carlos Portinho, were received. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8977839&ts=1721927154807&disposition=inline Identification: Legislative Report Author: Senator Carlos Portinho (PL/RJ) Date: 10/06/2021 Description/Syllabus Seem Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Received the Report of Senator Carlos Portinho. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8978839&ts=1721927155441&disposition=inline Identification: P.S 129/2021 - PLEN Author: Senator Carlos Portinho (PL/RJ) Date: 10/06/2021 Description/Syllabus Opinion No. 129/2021-PLEN/SF - Presentation of Substitute - Amendment No. 32-PLEN. Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: (Remote Deliberative Session held on 06/10/2021) Opinion No. 129/2021-PLEN/SF was delivered by Senator Carlos Portinho, concluding by the approval of the bill, by the full acceptance of Amendments Nos. 3, 4, 8, 10, 12, 13, 23, 28 and 31-… | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8979014&ts=1721927155406&disposition=inline AMENDMENTS Identification: AMENDMENT 1 - PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Leila Barros (PSB/DF) Date: 25/05/2020 Local: Committee on Economic Affairs Legislative Action: Amendment sent to the rapporteur, Senator Marcos Rogério, for analysis. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8114738&ts=1721927154615&disposition=inline Identification: AMENDMENT 2 PLEN - PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Paulo Paim (PT/RS), Senator Rogério Carvalho (PT/SE) Date: 07/06/2021 Description/Syllabus Amendment 2 to PL 5516 Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Received Amendments Nos. 2 and 3, from Senator Paulo Paim. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8977023&ts=1721927155175&disposition=inline Identification: AMENDMENT 3 PLEN - PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Paulo Paim (PT/RS) Date: 07/06/2021 Description/Syllabus PL 5516 of 2019 Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Received Amendments Nos. 2 and 3, from Senator Paulo Paim. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8977026&ts=1721927155205&disposition=inline Identification: AMENDMENT 4 PLEN - PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Jayme Campos (DEM/MT) Date: 08/06/2021 Description/Syllabus Amendment to PL 5516, of 2019 Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Received Amendment No. 4, from Senator Jayme Campos. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8977819&ts=1721927154770&disposition=inline Identification: AMENDMENT 5 PLEN - PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Veneziano Vital do Rêgo (MDB/PB) Date: 09/06/2021 Description/Syllabus Amendment PL 5516/19 Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Received Amendments Nos. - 5, from Senator Veneziano Vital do Rêgo; - 6, from Senator Weverton. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8977963&ts=1721927155530&disposition=inline Identification: AMENDMENT 6 PLEN - PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Weverton (PDT/MA) Date: 09/06/2021 Description/Syllabus EMD 1 PL 5516, of 2019 Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Received Amendments Nos. - 5, from Senator Veneziano Vital do Rêgo; - 6, from Senator Weverton. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8977992&ts=1721927155813&disposition=inline Identification: AMENDMENT 7 PLEN - PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Paulo Rocha (PT/PA) Date: 09/06/2021 Description/Syllabus Amendment to PL 5,516, of 2019 - labor debts Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Received Amendment No. 7, from Senator Paulo Rocha. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8978101&ts=1721927155882&disposition=inline Identification: AMENDMENT 8 PLEN - PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Wellington Fagundes (PL/MT) Date: 09/06/2021 Description/Syllabus emenda_Sistema of Brazilian Football Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Received Amendment No. 8, from Senator Wellington Fagundes. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8978120&ts=1721927154843&disposition=inline Identification: AMENDMENT 9 PLEN - PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Rose de Freitas (MDB/ES) Date: 09/06/2021 Description/Syllabus Amendment to PL 5516/2019 Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Received Amendments Nos. 9 and 10, from Senator Rose de Freitas. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8978169&ts=1721927155913&disposition=inline Identification: AMENDMENT 10 PLEN - PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Rose de Freitas (MDB/ES) Date: 09/06/2021 Description/Syllabus Amendment to PL 5516/2019 Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Received Amendments Nos. 9 and 10, from Senator Rose de Freitas. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8978175&ts=1721927154653&disposition=inline Identification: AMENDMENT 11 PLEN - PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Paulo Rocha (PT/PA) Date: 09/06/2021 Description/Syllabus AMENDMENT to Bill No. 5516, of 2019 Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Received Amendments Nos. 11, by Senator Paulo Rocha; and - 12, by Senator Luiz do Carmo. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8978190&ts=1721927155244&disposition=inline Identification: AMENDMENT 12 PLEN - PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Luiz Carlos do Carmo (MDB/GO) Date: 09/06/2021 Description/Syllabus Bill No. 5516, of 2019 Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Received Amendments Nos. 11, by Senator Paulo Rocha; and - 12, by Senator Luiz do Carmo. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8978196&ts=1721927156144&disposition=inline Identification: AMENDMENT 13 PLEN - PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Fabiano Contarato (REDE/ES) Date: 09/06/2021 Description/Syllabus ensure that the PDES include students from public educational institutions Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Received Amendments Nos. 13 and 14, by Senator Fabiano Contarato; - 15 and 16, by Senator Weverton. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8978209&ts=1721927155976&disposition=inline Identification: AMENDMENT 14 PLEN - PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Fabiano Contarato (REDE/ES) Date: 09/06/2021 Description/Syllabus Increase the transparency of Football Corporations Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Received Amendments Nos. 13 and 14, by Senator Fabiano Contarato; - 15 and 16, by Senator Weverton. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8978212&ts=1721927156006&disposition=inline Identification: AMENDMENT 15 PLEN - PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Weverton (PDT/MA) Date: 09/06/2021 Description/Syllabus EMD to PL 5516 of 2019 Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Received Amendments Nos. 13 and 14, by Senator Fabiano Contarato; - 15 and 16, by Senator Weverton. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8978215&ts=1721927155283&disposition=inline Identification: AMENDMENT 16 PLEN - PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Weverton (PDT/MA) Date: 09/06/2021 Description/Syllabus EMD to PL 5516 of 2019 Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Received Amendments Nos. 13 and 14, by Senator Fabiano Contarato; - 15 and 16, by Senator Weverton. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8978218&ts=1721927155315&disposition=inline Identification: AMENDMENT 17 PLEN - PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Weverton (PDT/MA) Date: 09/06/2021 Description/Syllabus EMD to PL 5516 of 2019 Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Received Amendment No. 17, from Senator Weverton. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8978241&ts=1721927156179&disposition=inline Identification: AMENDMENT 18 PLEN - PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Izalci Lucas (PSDB/DF) Date: 09/06/2021 Description/Syllabus Amendment 02 to PL 5516/2019 Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Received Amendments Nos. 18 to 22, from Senator Izalci Lucas. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8978259&ts=1721927154884&disposition=inline Identification: AMENDMENT 19 PLEN - PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Izalci Lucas (PSDB/DF) Date: 09/06/2021 Description/Syllabus Amendment 01 PL 5516/2019 Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Received Amendments Nos. 18 to 22, from Senator Izalci Lucas. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8978262&ts=1721927154916&disposition=inline Identification: AMENDMENT 20 PLEN - PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Izalci Lucas (PSDB/DF) Date: 09/06/2021 Description/Syllabus Amendment 05 to PL 5516/2019 Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Received Amendments Nos. 18 to 22, from Senator Izalci Lucas. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8978267&ts=1721927154950&disposition=inline Identification: AMENDMENT 21 PLEN - PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Izalci Lucas (PSDB/DF) Date: 09/06/2021 Description/Syllabus Amendment 04 to PL 5516/2019 Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Received Amendments Nos. 18 to 22, from Senator Izalci Lucas. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8978270&ts=1721927154981&disposition=inline Identification: AMENDMENT 22 PLEN - PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Izalci Lucas (PSDB/DF) Date: 09/06/2021 Description/Syllabus Amendment 03 PL 5516/2019 Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Received Amendments Nos. 18 to 22, from Senator Izalci Lucas. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8978273&ts=1721927155012&disposition=inline Identification: AMENDMENT 23 PLEN - PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Eduardo Braga (MDB/AM) Date: 09/06/2021 Description/Syllabus Amendment 1 - PL 5516/2019 Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Received Amendments Nos. 23 and 24, by Senator Eduardo Braga. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8978279&ts=1721927155049&disposition=inline Identification: AMENDMENT 24 PLEN - PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Eduardo Braga (MDB/AM) Date: 09/06/2021 Description/Syllabus Amendment 2 - PL 5516/2019 Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Received Amendments Nos. 23 and 24, by Senator Eduardo Braga. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8978282&ts=1721927155079&disposition=inline Identification: AMENDMENT 25 PLEN - PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Irajá (PSD/TO) Date: 09/06/2021 Description/Syllabus Amendment to PL 5516/2019 - art 2 Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Received Amendments Nos. 25 to 28 from Senator Irajá; and 29 to 31 from Senator Romário. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8978291&ts=1721927155572&disposition=inline Identification: AMENDMENT 26 PLEN - PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Irajá (PSD/TO) Date: 09/06/2021 Description/Syllabus Amendment to PL 5516/2019 - art 10 Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Received Amendments Nos. 25 to 28 from Senator Irajá; and 29 to 31 from Senator Romário. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8978294&ts=1721927155603&disposition=inline Identification: AMENDMENT 27 PLEN - PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Irajá (PSD/TO) Date: 09/06/2021 Description/Syllabus Amendment to PL 5516/2019 - art 15 Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Received Amendments Nos. 25 to 28 from Senator Irajá; and 29 to 31 from Senator Romário. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8978297&ts=1721927155637&disposition=inline Identification: AMENDMENT 28 PLEN - PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Irajá (PSD/TO) Date: 09/06/2021 Description/Syllabus Amendment to PL 5516/2019 - art 21 Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Received Amendments Nos. 25 to 28 from Senator Irajá; and 29 to 31 from Senator Romário. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8978300&ts=1721927155669&disposition=inline Identification: AMENDMENT 29 PLEN - PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Romário (PL/RJ) Date: 09/06/2021 Description/Syllabus Amendment to PL 5516/2019 Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Received Amendments Nos. 25 to 28 from Senator Irajá; and 29 to 31 from Senator Romário. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8978305&ts=1721927155946&disposition=inline Identification: AMENDMENT 30 PLEN - PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Romário (PL/RJ) Date: 09/06/2021 Description/Syllabus Amendment to PL 5516/2019 Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Received Amendments Nos. 25 to 28 from Senator Irajá; and 29 to 31 from Senator Romário. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8978309&ts=1721927155779&disposition=inline Identification: AMENDMENT 31 PLEN - PL 5516/2019 Author: Senator Romário (PL/RJ) Date: 09/06/2021 Description/Syllabus Amendment to PL 5516/2019 Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: Received Amendments Nos. 25 to 28 from Senator Irajá; and 29 to 31 from Senator Romário. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8978313&ts=1721927156035&disposition=inline Identification: Separate amendments Author: Federal Senate Date: 09/06/2021 Description/Syllabus - Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate Legislative Action: The deadline for amending the matter ended at 2 pm on 06/09/2021. Amendments Nos. 2 to 31 were received. | See the procedure https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8978336&ts=1721927155848&disposition=inline Identification: Separate amendments Author: Federal Senate Date: 09/06/2021 Description/Syllabus - Local: Plenary of the Federal Senate https://legis.senado.leg.br/sdleg-getter/documento?dm=8978350&ts=1721927154679&disposition=inline LEGAL DOCUMENT URL- all content within , which is more than listed https://www25.senado.leg.br/web/atividade/materias/-/materia/139338 POST URL https://aalbc.com/tc/topic/12082-black-1-percent-have-to-lead-by-example-in-uncomfortable-places-economic-corner/ PRIOR EDITION https://aalbc.com/tc/events/event/600-economic-corner-28-11232025/ NEXT EDITION COMMENTARIES @ProfD the problem with @Pioneer1 position is in the past of the usa the black 1% supported the underground, the black 1% were keys in the many Black DOSers going back to Africa through their own minimal means, the black 1% helped financed the travel and activities of the civil rights movement leaders like mlk jr. The black 1% has always existed, many black loyalists and some black rebels were black 1% who owned businesses. So history disproves white power as having the potency he suggest. Don't tell me black 1% were able to help black people in the 1800s when black pregnant women were being hung for sport by whites but now in 2025, the great mind shackle exist. The future isn't about returning to the past, but history does have value, and I think the modern black 1% who have a better environment than any time before in usa or british colonial history , have no excuse to lead by positive + better example. Black business owners circa 1865 in south carolina were willing to defy white people by having black schools when white people, pre KKK , were going from black town to black town burning them down to the ground. Fellas, they got to do better and in all earnest , if they don't want to help, I say, call them out on it. I don't have a problem with wealthy blacks not helping black folk if said black 1% can be honest about it, tfi the 99% of black people can be honest about it. . Lets call it like it is, a minority of our forebears were willing to help the white people fighting the englsih, who were enslaving us. So it isn't odd that some black people are willing to help whites over black people in the usa.. But... again, call it like it is.

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Fate(Sol Fu do know) Some lyrics to welcome summer in the southern hemisphere https://www.deviantart.com/hddeviant/art/Fate-Sol-Fu-do-know-1269063641 #poetry #lyrics #summer #hddeviant #fate #richardmurrayhumblr #richardmurray The Kwanzaa Song Some lyrics to welcome winter in the northern hemisphere https://www.deviantart.com/hddeviant/art/The-Kwanzaa-Song-1269062369 #poetry #lyrics #winter #kwanzaa #song #hddeviant #richardmurrayhumblr #richardmurray The Mascots Summer 2025 An illustration to welcome summer in the southern hemisphere, coloring page available. https://www.deviantart.com/hddeviant/art/The-Mascots-Summer-2025-1269060850 #illustration #themascots #summer #hddeviant #deviantart #richardmurrayhumblr #richardmurray EMBED CODE The Mascots Winter 2025 An illustration to welcome winter in the northern hemisphere, coloring page available https://www.deviantart.com/hddeviant/art/The-Mascots-Winter-2025-1269059816 #illustration #themascots #winter #hddeviant #deviantart #richardmurrayhumblr #richardmurray EMBED CODE

Love Jimmy Cliff, did it all. stayed jamaican.. black star:) Reggae Night written by La Toya Jackson+ Amir Bayyan Lyrics Yeah, man, Reggae night You live and you love So turn on your light Make it shine bright Now listen to this Jam it Reggae night We come together when the feeling's right Reggae night And we'll be jamming till the morning light Mmm, hmm, oh, oh Penny Reel just called Got to get my things, got to catch this ride Got to look my best Cause I know they'll be mashing it up tonight Mmm, hmm, oh, oh Reggae night We come together when the feeling's right Reggae night And we'll be jamming till the morning light Mmm, hmm, oh, oh You will find it happens only once a year So don't miss out on this session here, oh There'll be people coming from the North and South and East and West So you better look your best, man Now lightning strikes at eight So you better not be late For this rub-a-dubbing, rockin' Jammin', fun, fun loving, yeah Reggae night We come together when the feeling's right Mmm, hmm, oh, oh Reggae night And we'll be jamming til the morning light You will find it happens only once a year So take advantage of this festive cheer Make we bring we family And let's tell some friends And everyone will have a jam, jam session Ooh, yeah Comin' out Ribbit Very nice style Ram it Oh ohoh Reggae night Oh ohoh Reggae night Oh ohoh Reggae night Oh ohoh Reggae night Oh ohoh Reggae night Oh ohoh Keep on rockin' down Oh ohoh Reggae night Oh ohoh Reggae night Reggae night We come together when the feeling's right Mmm, hmm, oh, oh Reggae night And we'll be jamming till the morning light Mmm, hmm, oh, oh Reggae night We come together when the feeling's right Mmm, hmm, oh, oh Reggae night And we'll be jamming till the morning light Mmm, hmm, oh, oh Oh ohoh Reggae night Oh ohoh Reggae night Oh ohoh Reggae night Oh ohoh Reggae night Oh ohoh (Ram it, jam it) Oh ohoh (Whoo, yeah, yeaht) Oh ohoh (Hoo) Oh ohoh (Yeah)... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m3Uh24QiJUI Sufferin in the land written by Jimmy Cliff Lyrics (Jimmy Cliff) Da-da-dai-dai, da-da-dai, da-da-dai ... Suffering in the land It is plain to see we're in a terrible situation Sufferin' in the land Nearly half of the world on the verge of starvation Sufferin' in the land And the children are crying for more education Sufferin' in the land Let's singin' Da-da-dai-dai ... Suffering in the land The rich get richer and the poor get poorer Sufferin' in the land Everything's gettin' higher and the time gettin' tougher Sufferin' in the land They're making guns and bombs to set the world on fire Sufferin' in the land I'm singin' Da-da-dai-dai ... Suffering in the land, Lord Da-da-dai-dai ... Suffering in the land https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j1h6OR60dBk Many Rivers to Cross written by Jimmy Cliff Lyrics Many rivers to cross But I can't seem to find my way over Wandering, I am lost As I travel along the white cliffs of Dover Many rivers to cross And it's only my will that keeps me alive I've been licked, washed up for years And I merely survive because of my pride But the loneliness won't leave me alone It's such a drag to be on your own My woman left and she didn't say why Well, I guess I have to try Many (many) rivers to cross (rivers to cross) But just where to begin? I'm playing for time There'll be times (many) I find myself (rivers to cross) Thinking of committing some dreadful crime Yes, I got many (many) rivers to cross (rivers to cross) But I can't seem to find my way over (I've got) wandering, I am lost (many rivers to cross) As I travel along the white cliffs of Dover https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fjW5f7i5EwE You Can Get It If You Really Want written by Jimmy Cliff Lyrics You can get it if you really want You can get it if you really want You can get it if you really want But you must try, try and try Try and try You'll succeed at last Hm-hm-mm Look here Persecution you must bear Win or lose, you've got to get your share Got your mind set on a dream (oh) You can get it, though harder they seem now You can get it if you really want You can get it if you really want You can get it if you really want But you must try, try and try Try and try You'll succeed at last I know it Listen Rome was not built in a day Opposition will come your way But the hotter the battle you see (oh-oh) It's the sweeter the victory, now You can get it if you really want You can get it if you really want You can get it if you really want But you must try, try and try Try and try You'll succeed at last You can get it if you really want You can get it if you really want You can get it if you really want But you must try, try and try Try and try You'll succeed at last (You can get it if you really want) I know it (You can get it if you really want) don't I show it? (You can get it if you really want) so don't give up now (You can get it if you really want) Keep on trying https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jg7qsW8qboE The Harder They Come written by Jimmy Cliff Lyrics Well, they tell me of a pie up in the sky Waiting for me when I die But between the day you're born and when you die They never seem to hear even your cry So as sure as the sun will shine I'm gonna get my share now, what's mine And then the harder they come The harder they fall, one and all Ooh, the harder they come The harder they fall, one and all Well, the oppressors are trying to keep me down Trying to drive me underground And they think that they have got the battle won I say forgive them Lord, they know not what they've done 'Cause, as sure as the sun will shine I'm gonna get my share now, what's mine And then the harder they come The harder they fall, one and all Ooh, the harder they come Harder they fall, one and all And I keep on fighting for the things I want Though I know that when you're dead you can't But I'd rather be a free man in my grave Than living as a puppet or a slave So as sure as the sun will shine I'm gonna get my share now, what's mine And then the harder they come The harder they fall, one and all Ooh, the harder they come Harder they fall, one and all Hey, the harder they come The harder they fall, one and all Hey, the harder they come The harder they fall, one and all Hey, the harder they come The harder they fall, one and all https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9vyoVstgJgE Wonderful World, Beautiful People written by Jimmy Cliff Lyrics Hey, yeah, wonderful world, beautiful people You and your girl, things could be pretty But underneath this, there is a secret That nobody can repeat Take a look at the world And the state that it's in today I am sure you'll agree We all could make it a better way With our love put together Everybody learn to love each other Instead of fussing and fighting Cheating, backbiting Scandalizing and hating Baby, we could have a Wonderful world, beautiful people You and your girl, things could be pretty But underneath this, there is a secret That nobody can repeat, yeah you know Man and woman, girl and boy Let us try to give a helping hand This I know and I'm sure That with love we all could understand This is our world, can't you see? Everybody wants to live and be free Instead of fussing and fighting Cheating backbiting Scandalizing and hating Yeah, we could have a Wonderful world, beautiful people You and your girl, things could be pretty But underneath this, there is a secret That nobody can repeat Yeah, yeah, now Talking 'bout the Wonderful world, beautiful people You and your girl (taking 'bout you), things could be pretty (taking 'bout me) Wonderful world (taking 'bout me solely), beautiful people (apparently someday) Wonderful world (we all could do), beautiful people (end with singing) Wonderful world (have a little bit of now), beautiful people (do what you can) Wonderful world (have a little bit of now) https://youtu.be/zCJYl9Irayk?si=2HM0EF6e05Ww_fN6 THE HARDER THEY COME https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zzCv8-AJywc Directed by Perry Henzell Written by Perry Henzell Trevor D. Rhone Produced by Perry Henzell Uncredited: Chris Blackwell Starring Jimmy Cliff Cinematography Peter Jessop David McDonald Franklyn St. Juste Edited by Reicland Anderson John Victor-Smith Richard White Music by Jimmy Cliff Desmond Dekker The Slickers The Maytals Production company International Films Inc. Distributed by New World Pictures Release dates 5 June 1972 (Kingston, Jamaica)[1] 1972 (VIFF) 8 February 1973 (United States) Running time 109 minutes[2] Country Jamaica Languages Jamaican English Jamaican Patois Budget J$400,000[3] or $150,000[4] Jimmy Cliff was in a film called Club Paradise 1986 directed by Harold Ramis aka Egon from Ghostbusters https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Club_Paradise Ramis said, "We thought Club Paradise had a good chance at the box office. But we were the fourth Caribbean comedy out that year, and none of them did any business. The casting ended up being diametrically opposed to what was intended. It was intended for Bill Murray and John Cleese, with Bill as the laid-back guy and Cleese as the over-the-top guy, and we ended up with Robin Williams and Peter O'Toole, with O'Toole as the laid-back guy and Robin the over-the-top guy. The polarities shifted, and it was probably not as interesting or as solid as it might have been if Bill and Cleese were there."

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