You've also got to understand the mind-bogglingly small variations that account for the various phenotypical differences. As stated in the book, "The Human Genome Project proved
that humans share 99.99% of their genes, regardless of
their so-called “race.” “And of that tiny 0.1% difference,
94 per cent of the variation is among individuals from the
same populations and only six percent between individuals
from different populations.” That means that only
6% of 0.1% represents variances between different populations
or so-called races."
Just because these differences are discernible does not make them determinant. That aside, define who, then, is black? Is is 30% African blood? Is it 51%. Does the person with 49% African ancestry then qualify as white? When we talk of race we're talking skin color. That's all we have to go by, and it is a piss poor indicator of genetic backgroud. Take, for instance, Jordan Peele, the director of "Get Out" who is bi-racial, yet looks like many other black man. Meghan Markle is biracial and looks white. Go figure.
Culture is the determinant factor here. We have been so hung up on white folks' definition of and conceptions of race for so long that we have allowed ourselves to be blinded to our own historical and cultural treasure. There is a difference between being sociologically 'white' and actively adopting a 'white' identity. The former is neither here nor there. It's like someone saying they have two legs. The latter is acceptance of a toxic identity steeped in oppression, dehumanization, and race hatred.
Being "black" is just another biological incident. It's like having two legs. It simply IS. Being born into or adopting Afro-American culture tells us the history with which you identify, and the culture borne of that history that influences how you live, think, etc.
It's culture, not color that defines us.