Jackie Ormes

Zelda Jackson “Jackie” Ormes (1910 (abt) - Dec. 25, 1985), by most accounts, became the first nationally syndicated African-American woman cartoonist in 1937.   The “Touchy Brown” series first appeared in the black-owned Pittsburgh Courier in 1937 and eventually appeared in fourteen syndicated newspapers.

Ormes’ strips depicted black in a very different fashion which was not the norm of her day.  Typically blacks were shown as servants or exaggerated caricatures of the “Buckwheat” or “Steppin Fetchit” variety.  In fact, Ormes female characters were independent and strong.  Ormes said “I have never liked dreamy little women who can’t hold their own”

Over the course of her almost 30 years Ormes produced four separate comic strips.  “Torchy Brown in Dixie to Harlem,” “Candy”, “Touchy Brown heartbeats,” and “Patty Jo ‘N’ Ginger” (see below). “Patty Jo ‘N’Ginger," introduced in 1946, a single panel cartoon, depicted Patty Jo, a precocious, socially aware little girl living with her much older adult sister Ginger.

Today, there are very few syndicated cartoons drawn by black women (see Barbara Brandon).  In this light Ormes&rsquo accomplishments during the 1940’s and 50’s are quite remarkable.

“During the segregated years of the 1900’s through 1960’s America, the Black Press offered comic strips that featured African American heroes & heroines in a wide variety of life situations. These characters were not confined to gritty ‘inner-city’ stories, poor ‘ghetto’ life or as one dimensional comic relief as today.&rdquo

Jackie Ormes: The First African American Woman Cartoonist
Click to order via Amazon

by Nancy Goldstein (Author)

Hardcover: 240 pages
Publisher: University of Michigan Press (January 28, 2008)
Language: English
ISBN-10: 047211624X
8.5 x 11. 240 pgs. 164 Illustrations including 18 pages of color strip. (2008)

A richly illustrated biography of a pioneering woman artist and the characters she created

In the United States at midcentury’a time of few opportunities for women in general and even fewer for African American women’Jackie Ormes (1911-85) blazed a trail as a popular cartoonist with the major black newspapers of the day. Jackie Ormes chronicles the life of this multiply talented, fascinating woman.

Ormes’s cartoon characters (including Torchy Brown, Candy, Patty-Jo, and Ginger) delighted readers of newspapers such as the Pittsburgh Courier and Chicago Defender and spawned other products, including an elegant black doll with a stylish wardrobe and "Torchy Togs" paper dolls in the funny papers. Ormes was a member of Chicago’s black elite, with a social circle that included the leading political figures and entertainers of the day. Her politics, which fell decidedly to the left and were apparent to even a casual reader of her cartoons and comic strips, eventually led to her investigation by the FBI during the McCarthy era.

The biography’s more than 150 illustrations include photographs of Jackie Ormes and a large sampling of her cartoons and color comic strips, including some furnished by cartoonist and cartoon historian Tim Jackson. Her work provides an invaluable glimpse into American culture and history, with topics that include racial segregation, U.S. foreign policy, educational equality, the atom bomb, and environmental pollution, among other pressing issues of the times—and of today’s world as well.

Nancy Goldstein became fascinated with the story of Jackie Ormes while doing research on the Patty-Jo doll. She has published a number of articles on the history of dolls in the classical world and the United States.
 

Learn more at Jackie Ormes’s official website