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Astrological Prediction the end of Trump's Presidency


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Yeah, brother Troy; Manafort, Cohen, Don Jr., (and stone) needs to be undressed first; although Don Jr., is pretty much exposed, attempts to put more official pressure on him is wanting. I'm anticipating a (just before) 'November' panic attack surprise. Impeachment last ditch effort by GOPers! I also believe prayers for a peaceful Christmas and New year will be the Thanksgiving for the U.S. 

 

There will be no peace in American starting in Septemeber will be only the beginning!

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Manafort's son-in-law is cooperating with the special counsel. 

I  believe Manafort's case is also in July. So it will be a busy month.

I said it earlier Robert Mueller will follow the money trail. And then he will show a pattern of fraud and money laundering. Trump is not old money he is nouveau rich and is not loved by the establishment beyond his utility. Robert Mueller is Mr. White shoe.

BTW DJT Jr testified the other day. So either Trump will take the fifth, say he doesn't recall or be bragadocious,shoot from the hip and perjur himself.

That night with Stormy Daniels is proving very costly. 

By June you won't think it's so fantastic Troy. 

@Troy yet are going to roast Cohen. They have the fixer on two legal matters at the moment. There may be at least one or two more court casespecially against Cohen before spring is over.

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Manafort, Don Jr., still playing 'hardball' with special counsel; to no avail because DT's threat to take the fifth is already short lived. There's no Federal Court in this land that'll recognize such a right when material matters are directly dependent on direct testimony, and have nothing to do with National Security or National secrets; these are proceedings of crime, treason, and corruption of the highest order, from source defendant or witness. Which is something to watch out for; for a sitting president, the right to take the 'Fifth' disposition may have to be officially settled before a subpoena is validated. These things take time. July is unrealistic.

 

I'm confident Manafort will fold soon, especially after he's presented with a criminal forfeiture claim. No money, no means to support his family and no property equals desperation. And that means going for the 'life boat' to make sure DT goes down with the ship, alone. Jr., and his sister are going down too!!

 

Kushner's case is the most intersting; with Israel, the American and Russian Jewish community influencing on his behalf is another can of worms that'll spill over on Congress and foriegn policy.

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Have a read through this article. 

 

https://www.businessinsider.com.au/trump-lawyer-michael-cohen-legal-troubles-2018-5?r=US&IR=T

Here's one from Fox News. 

  • The Justice Department asks its watchdog to look into alleged wrongdoing in the FBI's investigation of Russia interference in the 2016 election after President Trump orders a review into whether agents infiltrated his campaign
  • Special Counsel Robert Mueller tells Trump's legal team he could wrap up his Russia investigation by Sept. 1 if he is able to interview the president by mid-July, Rudy Giuliani tells Fox News
  • July looks to be hot. @Troy
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@Troy: Not only that but since it appears representatives such as Adam Schiff, knowing more than he's letting on, are in unofficial coordination with special counsel, they're all waiting for GOP majority to grab the life buoy of impeachment before following through on the criminal end. The GOP is still contemplating other avenues to preserve their base. Little deceive action is expected from them before, at least, 8-4 weeks to November 8th.  The sh*t is surely to hit the fan before the year end, if matter drag on that far. As it is also reasonable January 2019 could very well be the "Oh a Happy Month!" In which case the charity of your choice is gonna be, at least, $50 bucks richer, but I doubt it! 

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Troy two separate courts coordinated with the Special Counsel to raid Cohen's home office and hotel room. That means they have something on him. 

In the comingredients weeks you will hear this Presidency being connected to Watergate. Since March I check the news every day for new developments. The speed of change is increasing exponentially. July is critical astrological and in terms of court dates.  And other issues. You will be leas certain by the end of the month. 

 

What wealthy man takes four payments to pay back  $150,000. I did a quick estimate he has $500,000,000 of debt. He has about 500 LLC quite a few produce little to no income. He may be using his foundations as his personal bank account. He used his foundation to buy a six foot oil painting of himself. His inauguration fund seems to have tens of millions missing. 

See you in June.

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@Delano, I get it; 45 is a crook and the justice system knows this.  However getting him to leave office in 7 months seems unlikely.  Comparisons to Watergate are flawed Tricky Dick and 45 are two very different people, despite the common propensity to abuse the office.

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If 45 sicced Cohen on the The Onion, the man must be incredibly thin skinned.

 

But imagine being the constant butt of jokes and harsh criticism.  Imagine what it must be like for a 45's kid to see his dad (and family) ridiculed on most media outlets. 

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Then I suspect Del that 45 must be going insane.  Very few people have ever had this level of insults constantly hurled at them.  45 has to live in his own bubble of fox news, sycophants and disillustion racists.  The real world is much too hostile.  If he were not POTUS I would probably feel a but sorry for him.  

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  • 2 weeks later...

Trump will be ousted for breaking the rule of law which is problematic for the powers that be, I have said it earlier he will be the most important President ever.

 

https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/31/us/politics/dsouza-pardon.html

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4 hours ago, Delano said:

Trump will be ousted for breaking the rule of law which is problematic for the powers that be, I have said it earlier he will be the most important President ever.

 

https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/31/us/politics/dsouza-pardon.html

 

Highly unlikely law violations will be significant cause of Trump' demise and even less a problem for Congress, obviously. Economics is steadily becoming the new bogeyman for Trump, Congress, corporations, and foreign governments (powers that be).

 

We now are on the brink of a trade war between the United States and its allies. White Americans are heading towards economic disaster while Blacks and Hispanics are being driven out, almost entirely. 

 

151110181848-race-reality-chart-median-h

 

Blacks and Hispanics still typically earn far less than whites, in part because whites dominate higher-paying fields, such as technology and finance. The income gap has held steady for the past 40 years.  

 

151110181818-race-reality-chart-median-h

 

When it comes to wealth, the difference is staggering. Whites have roughly 10 times the wealth of blacks and Hispanics.  

Over the past 25 years, the wealth gap between blacks and whites has nearly tripled, according to research by Brandeis University.

 

151110181738-race-reality-chart-home-own

 

And that's only the tip of the ever melting icebergSpatial assimilation theory (value, trend, or data) predicts that racial and ethnic segregation results at least in part from socioeconomic differences across groups. In contrast, place stratification perspective emphasizes the role of prejudice and discrimination in shaping patterns. Consistent with the place stratification model, African Americans of all socioeconomic status (SES) levels continued to be more segregated from whites than were Hispanics and Asians and has changed little since 2000. However, the importance of SES in explaining the segregation of African Americans from whites increased over the period, while not for Hispanics and Asian Americans.  The inequality gap is closing bringing Whites down to levels of Blacks and Hispanics.

 

Republican candidates are already losing long held deep-red districts due to what many (especially White folk) see as a tax scam, breaks for large corporation, cuts to vital social institutions, and threats to entitlements enjoyed by old White men. THAT, coupled with inevitable class conflict when Trump is ousted will certainly send him to the big house as a scapegoat under the guise of a criminal. 

 

"Make America Great (Depression) Again Like 1929" is a more accurate slogan. After all, it was this same kind of blanket protectionism why America had a Great Depression. 

 

My prediction, based on data analysis, is that the "the powers that be" will come to their senses (but all too late) just before November mid-terms; when they realize unhappy poor White folk as poor Whites feel the pinch at levels equal to Blacks and Hispanics; that'll take precedence over their desire for greater privilege at the gas stations, grocery stores, and tax forms.

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Those graphs and statistics are a bunch of deceptive bullshit.

First of all it mixes RACE (Black and White) with a CULTURE (Hispanic).

Also, it deceptively obscures the fact that there are plenty of Black Hispanics and Hispanics that are also part of the White race.

But more importantly......if you break it down by ETHNIC GROUP you'll find that Nigerians, Ghanaians and other Africans on average have a far higher household income than most White Americans.
But this statistical FACT is usually PURPOSELY left out in order to give the impression that Black people in general are underachievers.


What's happening in America isn't a wider economic gap between Whites and Blacks as a whole but a FRACTIONING of the American economy into various classes and socio-economic castes where certian ETHNIC GROUPS will be considered in the upper castes and certain ethnic groups will be considered part of the lower caste.

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5 minutes ago, Pioneer1 said:

Those graphs and statistics are a bunch of deceptive bullshit.

 

The argument, based on scientific survey's and analysis (plus or minus margin of errors) coincides (match) with identity verbiage of the statistical data displayed, not some 'off-the-wall' correction of identity misuse. All groups, especially the hegemony will face equal poverty levels. So-called facts pointed out in the rebuttal are irrelevant.  

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See @Pioneer1, you are pointing out the flawed nature of the artificial term of race.

 

Sure, if we ditched the hispanic category and moved people into the Black or white categories, based upon skin color and/or culture, the Black/White disparity would be much greater I'm sure.  

 

But the fact remains, no matter how you slice it, "Over the past 25 years, the wealth gap between blacks and whites has nearly tripled, according to research by Brandeis University." The problem is we don't even understand why!  In many ways, we are like spoiled children largely dependent upon others to help us and start crying when we are told we have to start doing things for ourselves.

 

 

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2 hours ago, Troy said:

the flawed nature of the artificial term of race.

 

Brother Troy, though you've impressively addressed the idea "RACE" in previous posts, I'm inclined to attempt drive your point further home, for those interested. I went back to my junk-stack of purely academic notes and found the following: 

 

meant primarily to capture differences in genetics, they are doing an abysmal job. The genetic distance between some groups within Africa is as great as the genetic distance between many “racially divergent” groups in the rest of the world. The genetic distance between East Asians and Europeans is shorter than the divergence between Hazda in north-central Tanzania to the Fulani shepherds of West Africa (who live in present-day Mali, Niger, Burkina Faso, and Guinea). So much for Black, White, Asian, and Other.

Armed with this knowledge, many investigators in the biological sciences have replaced the term “race” with the term “continental ancestry.” This in part reflects a rejection of “race” as a biological classification. Every so-called race has the same protein-coding genes, and there is no clear genetic dividing line that subdivides the human species. Another reason for using the term “continental ancestry” in lieu of “race” is improved precision for locating historical and geographic origins when we look at the genome. Thus, continental ancestry allows for more genetically accurate descriptors. For example, President Barack Obama was not just the first socially “black” president. He was also the first (as far as we know) who has European and African ancestry.

Genetic differences are a potential—but highly unlikely—explanation for national, racial, or ethnic differences in behavior and success.

In sum, racial categories now in use are based on a convoluted and often pernicious history, including much purposefully created misinformation.

It is a good time, then, to dispel some myths about genetic variation that have been promulgated by both the left and the right alike. On the left, many try to discredit the notion that genetic variation underlies group differences by pointing out that there is more genetic variation within these groups than between them. Another favorite approach is to cite the fact that all humans are 99.9 percent genetically identical and that no group of humans has a gene (i.e., a coded-for protein) that another group lacks. Both of these arguments are canards. After all, we are also 98-plus percent identical to chimps and 99.7 percent similar to Neanderthals. Oh, what a difference that 2 percent (or 0.3 percent) makes!

Conley_BrCONTRARY TO APPEARANCE: The genetic distance between some groups in Africa, such as the Fulani of West Africa (above) and the Hazda of Tanzania, is greater than supposedly racially divergent groups such as East Asians and Europeans.Raquel Maria Carbonell Pagola / Contributor / Getty Images

Simply stated: Overall genetic variation tells us less than specific differences that matter. Imagine a group of humans that had a mutation in the FOXP2 gene—­often called the language gene—­such that this transcription factor (a gene that helps stimulate the expression of select other genes) was nonfunctional. These humans would lack the ability to communicate through language. In fact, this gene’s significance was first discovered through the study of an English family in which half the members across three generations suffered from severe developmental verbal dyspraxia—­they could not communicate orally. This family could be 99.9999 percent genetically identical to their neighbors, but what a huge difference that 0.00001 percent makes. This criticality of particular genetic differences, as opposed to global similarity, is not unique to humans. Through genetic manipulation of just four genes, scientists in the lab have been able to turn a mustard weed into a woody tree. It sounds like a genetic version of the 1970s game show, Name That Tune: In how few notes (or genes) can one radically alter the phenotype of an organism?

Highlighting the fact that all humans share the same genes ignores the fact that much of evolutionary change and biological difference is less about the development of novel proteins (i.e. genes) than it is about the regulation of those genes’ expression—­that is, the extent, the timing, and the location of when and where they are turned on and off. In fact, when the Human Genome Project first began, the number of human protein-coding genes was anticipated to be on the order of 100,000. After all, we are certainly more complex than Zea mays (corn) with its 32,000 genes, are we not?1 As it turns out, we have a mere 20,000 genes (or fewer). So most human difference is driven by the turning on and off of those 20,000 genes in specific tissues at particular times. The same ones may be expressed in the brain and in the liver. They may get switched on by an attacking bacterium and silenced by a hot meal. Each one is like a multitasking parent balancing home and office.

The fact that we all share the same genes does not rule out the possibility of important differences based on variation in the regulatory regions of the genome (promoters, enhancers, micro), RNAs, and other molecular switches. A better question than whether or not we have different proteins is whether or not we have different alleles. An allele is simply a version of DNA. It could be a single nucleotide that differs in the population at a given location (i.e. A, C, T, or G). Or it could be what geneticists call a copy number variant (such as when I have a stretch of ATG ATG ATG but you have five copies of that motif). When we ask if there are alleles that one population has that are not seen in any other population—­the parallel question to the unique genes inquiry—­the answer turns out to be yes. In fact, it is African populations that have the most “private” (i.e., unshared) alleles. This is a reflection of the greater diversity in sub-Saharan Africa compared with those groups who suffered the population bottleneck in the migration out of Africa. But the point is that there is no a priorireason to rule out the potential impact of these private alleles in explaining group differences.

It’s a good time to dispel myths about genetic variation that have been promulgated by both the left and the right.

A third argument that the left makes to discredit any genetic basis for observed group differences is that there has not been enough time—evolutionarily speaking—for meaningful differences to emerge. Stephen J. Gould is famously quoted as saying, “There’s been no biological change in humans in 40,000 or 50,000 years. Everything we call culture and civilization we’ve built with the same body and brain.” According to this viewpoint, human evolution more or less ended with the emergence of anatomically modern humans in the Rift Valley. After all, 60,000 years is but the blink of an eye compared with the entire history of hominids. And when we get to parsing differences between groups outside of Africa, that time span drops even more dramatically.

However, crucial group differences can emerge not just through positive selection for novel mutations, but also through selection on traits that are highly polygenic, for which there is plenty of genetic variation already in the genome on which to selectively sort and reproduce. We already know that height and cognitive ability are highly polygenic, influenced by thousands of small differences in the human genome. If those who are the smartest reproduce at higher rates than the less bright, an overall genetic shift in the IQ distribution could be achieved in a matter of a few generations (assuming that the reproductive and survival advantages of IQ were strong enough).2 In this view, 60,000 years is not a blink but an eternity.3 So if there were differential fertility and survival premiums to different behavioral traits—not just IQ but also trust, grit, self-­regulation, and so on—we could easily witness genetic divergence across the millennia.4

Indeed, this is exactly what some controversial scholars such as the anthropologists Gregory Cochran and the late Henry Harpending have argued in their book, The 10,000 Year Explosion. They posit that the Neolithic Revolution and rise of settled civilizations led to a condition in which human social arrangements—as opposed to the natural landscape—became the primary driver of changes in population genetics. The result, they argue, is that many differences today can be traced to the accelerated selective pressure that agrarian society introduced. Such pressure favors mental traits like advanced planning at the expense of physical endurance and other traits that would be more advantageous to hunter-gatherers. The time since the development of agriculture in a given society, they argue, is a good predictor of how the genetic landscapes of different populations have adapted to these altered demands for survival. Their case, while plausible, has not been made with the data at hand but instead represents a narrative that relies on circumstantial evidence. Although recent research suggests that evolution has not “stopped” due to technological and social progress; we do not know what forces drive recent selection or what effect they may be having in the contemporary world.5 In other words, yes, humans are still evolving and genetically diverging from each other; however, claiming that the survival and reproductive gradients are different by continental and subcontinental locations—particularly with respect to social and mental skills—is unsupported by data.

 

The left does not have a monopoly on substituting assertion for evidence when it comes to human evolution. The right does a great job peddling its own untruths. Authors like Nicholas Wade, in his book A Troublesome Inheritance, focus on genotypes at one locus that display significant ethnic differences as a way to explain differences in group outcomes. It is not that a single gene cannot have a huge effect as FOXP2 does, it’s just that the ones that have demonstrated frequency differences by “racial” groups simply do not. Wade and others often discuss the MAO­A copy number variant as the “warrior gene” because early candidate gene studies showed that this allele’s presence predicted violent behavior. They then point out that the “violent” allele is found at higher frequencies in the black population. However, such candidate gene studies—and this one in particular—have not withstood replication tests. And even if they did, the allele explains a trivial amount of the variation in the measured outcomes, so it is hardly a solid foundation on which to build a genetic model of group differences in behavior.

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A second mistake of the right is to give too much credit to natural selection and too little to genetic drift.6 The former, in which genetic variants provide a survival advantage, could theoretically lead to gene-based accounts of differences across groups. The latter, in which genetic variation is not tied to advantage but instead is a random process that “tags” groups based on geography and historical time, can differ by group whose phenotypes like height or IQ can also differ but for environmental reasons that are spuriously correlated with the genetic differences.

We can see that purifying selection has occurred to accommodate the various environmental landscapes that humans have encountered as they fanned out across the globe. Very obvious examples include the prevalence of the sickle cell genotype—with its protective effect against malaria—which is present only in West and Central African populations, which have among the highest incidences of malaria in the world. Or the clear gradation in dermal melanin (skin tone) as predicted by distance from the equator and its intense sun exposure. Or even by body morphology, as evidenced by Allen’s Rule, which suggests that in colder climates, warm-blooded organisms will tend to have shorter, stockier builds to preserve heat, whereas in hotter climes, big ears, noses, and limbs allow for better heat loss through a higher ratio of surface area to body mass.

Conley_Br-3TALL TALE: Height is a good example of why genetic differences between ancestral groups make comparisons across groups impossible. A score that assesses genes associated with height in whites, when applied to blacks, predicts that Africans or African Americans are six inches shorter than they are.Blend Images - JGI/Jamie Grill / Getty Images

The mistake that many genetic determinists make is assuming that because we can observe this clear relationship between environment and genetics in some physical characteristics, we can unproblematically expand it to highly complex human behaviors and mental characteristics. That we can see selective pressures at work in generating phenotypic differences in traits that rely on a small number of genes—such as skin tone, eye color, or lactose tolerance—does not easily translate to a clear relationship between a highly polygenic trait such as cognitive ability and the social or physical landscape. For example, when discussing body size, we can observe limb-length variation in human populations as predicted by Allen’s Rule, but limb size is much less polygenic (it is largely controlled by a series of HOX genes) than is overall height.7 And indeed, height fails to show the latitude-phenotype relationship as clearly. Compare Pygmies and Bantus (who occupy a similar relation to the equator) or Inuit and Swedes (who also live at more or less the same latitude). This does not mean that a highly polygenic trait cannot be subject to intense selective pressure; just ask chicken breeders who have quadrupled poultry weights in 60 years.8

In addition to the complex and polygenetic structure of many behaviors at one point in time, rapid changes in economic fortunes during the last 50 years make simple genetic explanations of relative success by ethnic groups in the modern world all the more dubious. Although the last 10,000 years is certainly a plausible amount of time for geographic differences in the genetic architecture that shapes socioeconomic outcomes to emerge, 200 years is probably not, and 50 years is most definitely not. Yet we have seen Taiwan and South Korea, for example, go from poor societies with populations that could barely survive to countries with some of the highest living standards in the world.9 Thus, there are probably better accounts than genetic ones for explaining geographic variation in standards of living and associated social outcomes, explanations such as institutional differences in the rule of law and so on. For now, research and theory suggest that genetic differences are a potential—but highly unlikely—explanation for national, racial, or ethnic differences in behavior and socioeconomic success, but such an explanation is a very difficult case to make.

 

That said, let us ask what is perhaps the most controversial question in the human sciences: Do genetic differences by ancestral population subgroup explain observed differences in achievement between self-identified race groups in the contemporary United States over and above all the environmental differences that we also know matter? In their best-selling 1994 book, The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life, Richard Herrnstein and Charles Murray indeed made the argument that blacks are genetically inferior to whites with respect to cognitive ability. Their “evidence,” however, contained no molecular genetic data, and was flawed as a result. But today we have molecular data that might potentially allow us to directly examine the question of race, genes, and IQ. We raise this pernicious question again only to demonstrate the impossibility of answering it scientifically.

If Herrnstein and Murray redux wanted to proceed, perhaps an obvious way would be to examine whether all the small differences across the genomes of the average black and average white person in a dataset “add up” in a way that suggests that one group has, on average, genetic signatures that predict higher levels of important phenotypes, such as educational attainment. There are at least two ways of “adding up” genomes. The first is to use polygenic scores. The second is the use of principal components. Both have serious drawbacks.

Even if genes predict racial differences in IQ, they could do so because genes are good predictors of treatment in society.

A polygenic score is a single number that captures the sum total of thousands of little effects in the genome on a given trait. It is constructed by running a million or more separate comparisons for each place along the 23 pairs of chromosomes where there is variation (i.e. you have an A-A and I have a G-A) measured in a dataset. When summed, these measures can predict—albeit noisily—the distribution of a given phenotype in the population. The best performing polygenic score to date is for height. A single number calculated from someone’s DNA can explain about 50 percent of the variation in actual height in the population. A score that has been developed for education (and cognitive ability) can explain about 7 percent of the variation in years of schooling, according to a 2016 Nature study, and that score has since been refined to improve its predictive power. So while these are not explaining all of the genetic variation (we think height is about 80 percent genetic and education is at least 25 percent genetic), they do predict. Someone at the upper end of the education distribution is likely to get more than two more years of schooling on average than someone at the bottom of the pack (lowest 10 percent) in terms of his or her polygenic score.

As it turns out, however, these scores when developed for one population—say, those of European descent—fail to predict for other populations. Take the height example. The best height score, which has been “trained” on whites, when applied to blacks, predicts that Africans or African Americans are six inches shorter than they are. So they simply don’t work. The very differences in genetics between ancestral groups make comparisons across groups impossible. The million or so markers measured by gene chips are picking up different things in distinct populations. They are merely flags spaced out along the chromosomes and meant to stand in for all the genetic real estate around them. But what that real estate holds is very different—particularly when African descent populations, with their greater degree of variation, are compared to non-African populations. So polygenic scores, while useful for analysis within populations, do not allow us to make apples to oranges comparisons across groups.

A second approach would be to measure what are called principal components. This is a measure that quantifies genetic ancestry from the overall patterns of variation in the data. What if we gave up on polygenic scores and instead predicted IQ by the percentages of different genetic ancestries as indicated by an individual’s scores of principal components? For example, the average African American has 10 percent European genetic ancestry. Some whites have some African ancestry, whether they know it or not. Shouldn’t the proportion, then, of someone’s genome, his or her percentage of African or European ancestry, predict socioeconomic or cognitive outcomes?

The problem is the same one facing Wade (even if he was unaware of it): Whether measured with a single genetic marker or a summative measure like a principal component, genes act as proxies for environments. The only way to truly insure that observed differences by genetics are really genetic effects is to compare full siblings from the same family where we know the differences between brothers and sisters are the result of luck, of the randomness at conception, and not correlated with background differences in poverty, neighborhood, and so on. But here’s the catch-22: While polygenic scores vary quite a bit between siblings, measures of ancestry, almost by definition, do not. Thus, while initially promising, the idea of comparing siblings with differing dosages of continental ancestries won’t work either.

Even if we had figured out a way to factor out all the cultural, historical, and economic differences that correlated with genetic ancestry, and found an effect, such a result would still raise the question: How? While it may or may not be true that brain development pathways could be implicated in test score differences, it is almost surely true that the percentage of African or European ancestry predicts physiognomy. That is, even within families, we are willing to wager that the sibling with more African genes is also the sibling with darker skin, curlier hair, and more West African facial features. There may even be other physical features that are less clearly racialized in the U.S.—such as height—that correlate with ancestry.

These physical features matter since they bring us back to square one. We cannot ultimately separate the more context-independent biological effects from genetic effects that interact with the social system, such as when lighter skin is rewarded. It could be that cognitive differences are genetically based, but the mechanism linking genes to IQ acts through social pathways (i.e., response to skin tone) rather than biological ones (i.e., brain structure). The darker-skinned sibling may get harassed by the police more often or get treated as less intelligent by his teachers (or parents for that matter) and this can, in turn, have real consequences for cognitive development. In other words, even if genes predict racial differences in IQ, they could do so because genes are good predictors of racial identification and treatment in society.

There has long been evidence—dating back to the days of W.E.B. Du Bois—that there is a pigmentocracy within U.S. black (and white and Latino) communities. More recent work has shown that this is not a uniquely American phenomenon but extends to Brazil, South Africa, and other nations with a creole, mixed population. We could try to measure skin tone and factor that out. But we cannot ultimately measure all the myriad cues about racial identity that we react to, especially since we may not even be aware of them. It could even be the case that African or European ancestry predicts height and that taller people are treated better in school, get more nutritional resources at home, and so on. Even though we do not generally think of height as a key dividing line for race, it does not mean that it is not silently associated—at the genotypic level—with the alleles that also differ by race.

The near impossibility of a definitive, scientific approach to interrogating genes, race, and IQ stands in contrast to the loose claims of pundits or scholars who assert that there is a genetic explanation for the black-white test score gap. That said, the consideration of genetics in racial analysis is not always pernicious. The ability to control for genotype actually places the effects of social processes, like discrimination, in starker relief. Once you eliminate the claim that there are biological or genetic differences between populations by controlling them away, we can show more clearly the importance of environmental (non-genetic) processes such as structural racism.

As genetic data become more available to the population, the mismatch between race and genetic ancestry (continental and subcontinental) should lead to a revision of racial discourse. When many whites realize that they have African ancestry and many blacks discover their European ethnic origins through DNA testing, the one-drop rule might crumble and racial dichotomies could soften into more complicated nuances of admixture. On the other hand, as the sociologist Ann Morning has argued, “even with a familiarity with racial mixture that led us to put categories like ‘quadroon’ and ‘octoroon’ on 19th-century censuses, the one-drop rule hardly crumbled. In fact, it was reinforced in reaction to that awareness.” It may be that scientific knowledge has more power and authority to complicate matters than firsthand, intimate knowledge of racial mixing did. But it may not. Either way—as in the cases of marital sorting, class mobility, and fertility—social genomics reveals hidden dynamics of race that belie our intuitions. We cannot be afraid to look.

 

Dalton Conley is the Henry Putnam University Professor of Sociology at Princeton University. His many books include Parentology: Everything You Wanted to Know About the Science of Raising Children but Were Too Afraid to Ask. He lives in New York City.

Jason Fletcher is Professor of Public Affairs, Sociology, Agricultural & Applied Economics, and Population Health Sciences at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He lives in Madison.

 

References

1. Zea mays. Ensembl Gramene www.ensembl.gramene.org.

2. Weight, M.D. & Harpending, H. Some uses of models of quantitative genetic selection in social science. Journal of Biosocial Science 49, 15-30 (2017).

3. Hawks, J., Wang, E.T., Cochran, G.M., Harpending, H.C., & Moyzis, R.K. Recent acceleration of human adaptive evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104, 20753-20758 (2007).

4. Even genetic assortative mating could cause genetic differences of significant magnitudes if it were prevalent enough; however, these would likely result in within-­society cleavages. See, for example, Harpending, H. & Cochran, G. “Assortative mating, class, and caste.” The Evolution of Sexuality Springer, New York (2015).

5. Milot, E., et al. Evidence for evolution in response to natural selection in a contemporary human population. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 108, 17040-17045 (2011).

6. This mistake is similar to partisan differences in attributing success in life to luck (genetic drift) versus effort and ability (natural selection). See Frank, R.H. Success and Luck: Good Fortune and the Myth of Meritocracy Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ (2016).

7. Bogin, B. & Varela-Silva, M.I. Leg length, body proportion, and health: A review with a note on beauty. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 7, 1047–­1075 (2010).

8. Zuidhof, M.J., Schneider, B.L., Carney, V.L., Korver, D.R., & Robinson, F.E. Growth, efficiency, and yield of commercial broilers from 1957, 1978, and 2005. Poultry Science 93, 2970–­2982 (2014).

9. These changes cannot even be attributed to selective migration—­in which the genetically advantaged flock to areas that are flourishing—­like the story of China’s rise perhaps can; Shanghai now attains a level of income equal to Italy whereas rural western areas are more like some African countries.

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I read somewhere that wealth disparity is greater in the US today than it was during the period of apartheid it South Africa.  I also read, somewhere else, that it is higher now than is was during the Gilded Age.

 

So the answer to you question is absolutely.  The an increasingly smaller percentage of the population holds and increasingly larger portion of the nations's wealth.  

 

The problem today is that no one seems to care. As long as we have legalized weed, pro football, and social media, we can tolerate being f*cked in the as* without lubrication, warning, or permission.

 

As a country we are not educated enough to act in our best interest.  We elect a sociopathic egomaniac as POTUS.  I as informative as K2's last post was I doubt most Americans would read or understand it, so it could not possibly have a positive impact on anyone's understanding of so called race, let alone effect positive change.

 

 

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28 minutes ago, Troy said:

As a country we are not educated enough to act in our best interes

 

Yeah, Brother; I'll go as far as to assert most Whites and Blacks especially fall into that disinterested, uneducated category. Sports, alcohol, legalized weed, loose women, and other pleasure idleness continue to make for a better life among the idiots. Damn, here comes that pessimist monster again. Just no shaking it even when trying to be conservatively optimismtic. 

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We are witnessing a geopolitical switch and it is revolutionary. 

 

The US Dollar will no longer be the currency that oil is traded in the commodity markets. I think you underestimate people. 

 

I think by 2025 it will be clear whose view of the future is more valid. 

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6 minutes ago, Delano said:

I think you underestimate people. 

 

Correction, my pessimism (to me) is an over-estimate of people (humanity); who will never use their capability to make the world a better place for everyone; instead, since the begining of unwritten history, will always adhere to  'survival of the fittest' mentality. Cryptocurrency is part of the White economic plan, I believe, won't last another 10-years. China won't let it. Furthermore, in 25-years, should we last the long, will witness a future where technology's going to determine validity of a yet-to-be identified destination for humanity. That's an opinion based on reasonable information; valid or invalid, not a prediction.

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Troy

I'm puzzled by something..............

If K2 agrees with you that race does NOT exist, why did he post grafts and figures displaying economic and home ownership differences between races and repeatedly use the terms "Black" and "White"?

If there is no Black race or White race......
Then WHO IS "Black" and "White" and what is meant by these terms being used?

 

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3 hours ago, Troy said:

I as informative as K2's last post was I doubt most Americans would read or understand it, so it could not possibly have a positive impact on anyone's understanding of so called race, let alone effect positive change.

 

 

Okay, you missed that part, unstandably, all things considered.

 

26 minutes ago, Pioneer1 said:

I'm puzzled by something..............

If K2 agrees with you that race does NOT exist, why did he post grafts and figures displaying economic and home ownership differences between races and repeatedly use the terms "Black" and "White"?

WHO IS "Black" and "White" and what do you and him mean by these terms?

 

"The genetic distance between some groups within Africa is as great as the genetic distance between many “racially divergent” groups in the rest of the world. The genetic distance between East Asians and Europeans is shorter than the divergence between Hazda in north-central Tanzania to the Fulani shepherds of West Africa (who live in present-day Mali, Niger, Burkina Faso, and Guinea). So much for Black, White, Asian, and Other.

 

Armed with this knowledge, many investigators in the biological sciences have replaced the term “race” with the term “continental ancestry.” This in part reflects a rejection of “race” as a biological classification. Every so-called race has the same protein-coding genes, and there is no clear genetic dividing line that subdivides the human species. Another reason for using the term “continental ancestry” in lieu of “race” is improved precision for locating historical and geographic origins when we look at the genome. Thus, continental ancestry allows for more genetically accurate descriptors. For example, President Barack Obama was not just the first socially “black” president. He was also the first (as far as we know) who has European and African ancestry."

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49 minutes ago, Pioneer1 said:

Troy

I'm puzzled by something..............

If K2 agrees with you that race does NOT exist, why did he post grafts and figures displaying economic and home ownership differences between races and repeatedly use the terms "Black" and "White"?

If there is no Black race or White race....
Then WHO IS "Black" and "White" and what is meant by these terms being used?

 

 

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3 hours ago, Delano said:

 

One of the most annoying things is realizing people reading news articles without critical and speculative focus; which often require much more addition study than mere reading. Taking author' of news reports perspectives to heart, half-cocked. 

 

My personal go-to source primer for introduction to information (only) include "The Guardian News and Media Limited; BBC; Huffington Post, and the Associated Press because they are 'less' partisan. NYT, WP and all others take most partisan views. 

 

The news link posted here provides critical, vital information to the public but fail miserably in thoroughness. "Author's purpose is the reason or reasons an author has for writing a selection. Authors may have more than one purpose for writing. ... Reflective readers are able to analyze information when they can describe author's purpose." 

 

Tom McCarthy's a very good reporter for The Guardian, read most of his pieces. But all his writings, as with most White journalists, deliberately ignore the elephant in the room by passing the buck to democracy; an unattainable idea used for pure control of the masses. Not that any political philosophy has ever come-up with anything better, of course. My Black folk is too eager to accept perceived degrees of skill and so-called expertise as bible to knowing information. No wonder Facebook, Amazon, Twitter, and main stream media are so popular and rich!

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@Pioneer1 K2's responses adequately answer your question to me about race. I use a website called ancestry.com. they don't mention the word race  but what they do speak to is geographic origin. This is something K2 mentioned as well. Also the fact of the matter is people understand race so it is often easier just to speak in terms that people understand. But of course when you do this you run the risk of being less clear.

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I don't want to take the focus of Del's thread AWAY from his predictions and focus it on race so I'll make this brief................

 

 

I believe that K2's responses are DISINGENUOUS.

 

First of all, if he REALLY believes that race didn't exist then he WOULDN'T have presented statistics and graphs that illustrate the disparity between "racial" groups like BLACK, WHITE, AND LATINO.....that he now claims doesn't exists!

If you no longer believe that race exists.....then find statistics that argue the differences between population groups you actually believe exist.....not "false" ones for the sake of people "understanding" you.
 

 


Second......
As far as the other information he presented about SOME scientists now refering to people's continent of origins rather than calling them "White" or "Black".....that's OLD news.   Me and others have been doing that for years by using the terms "Caucasian" and "African" as they are more precise terms than simply calling people "White" or "Black".

That argument is just a matter of SEMANTICS because it still categorizes people.
It doesn't eliminate racial categories....it simply RENAMES them!

 

So to try to justify why a man who CLAIMS that race doesn't exists yet argues about the disparities and inequalities between races......doesn't make sense.

It's like arguing that sexual differences don't exists while at the same time arguing for women's rights.

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@Pioneer1, simply put there is no genetic basic for race.  This is a fundamental concept that is lost on you.

 

Now if you, and probably the majority of Americans, want to continue to group people based upon the color of their skin, and then proceed to make broad generalization about the characteristics of these arbitrary buckets of people, knock yourself out.  Just understand that there is not basis in science for doing that.

 

Obviously, I know some white people feel that brown people are less intelligent. I also know that the most rabid of these racists will never have their opinions swayed by modern science. That in my opinion is a reflection of their stupidity.  Any so called educated person, who is a racist is simply stupid in my book.

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5 hours ago, Pioneer1 said:

I don't want to take the focus of Del's thread AWAY from his predictions and focus it on race so I'll make this brief..............

 

I've no doubt, brother Delano will fall for this CON job, he seems to need substantiation by anybody, same as you. 

 

5 hours ago, Pioneer1 said:

I believe that K2's responses are DISINGENUOUS.

 

My responses are not even slightly dishonest, they speak directly to the complete truth of the subject here. 

 

The statistics, charts, and graphs support (illustrate) the geographic aspects of ancestry as more appropriate then the idea of 'race,' thoroughness of the argument must necessarily include economic disparities. Again, as brother Troy pointed out, "most Americans would [not] read or understand it, so it could not possibly have a positive impact on anyone's understanding of so called race," which obviously applies to you, who believe this information is 'false' with not even a shred of evidence, or report to refute my assertions.  PROVE MY POSITION IS WRONG, OR, THAT YOUR POSITION IS RIGHT. Go on, enthall us with you analytic research skills.  I submit that even if you could you wouldn’t know how to properly present it! 

 

5 hours ago, Pioneer1 said:

As far as the other information he presented about SOME scientists now refering to people's continent of origins rather than calling them "White" or "Black".....that's OLD news.   Me and others have been doing that for years by using the terms "Caucasian" and "African" as they are more precise terms than simply calling people "White" or "Black".

That argument is just a matter of SEMANTICS because it still categorizes people.
It doesn't eliminate racial categories....it simply RENAMES them!

 

Face it, Pioneer1, you know little, if anything about the non-existent term "Afro-Americanism," let alone race, or how to properly use the color terminology schemes of Black and White. I think it's time you change your brand slogan "If you do not understand Anti-Africanism ... what it is and how it works ... everything else you think you understand will only CONFUSE you." At least as it applies to you and your lack of such understanding.

 

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Face it, Pioneer1, you know little, if anything about the non-existent term "Afro-Americanism," let alone race, or how to properly use the color terminology schemes of Black and White.
 

LOL

How can "AfroAmerican" be a non-existent term when Malcolm X used to use it.

Anyway....................





Troy

I think you're misunderstanding the point I'm making.

It's NOT about whether or not there are multiple races..........
I believe in MULTIPLE races.
You don't...you believe there is only ONE race.
We disagree, but our positions are CLEAR and understood.


I'm pointing out K2's inconsistencies on his beliefs.

He ROUTINELY....not just some times but ROUTINELY uses racial terms like "my Black people" and calls ME a White man.
Now he digs up statistics that clearly illustrate things based on race.

But then when you come along and say that there aren't multiple races HE jumps up and claims he agrees!

My point is if he really believes that all along then he would routinely use language and find statistics that are in line with his beliefs.

If he agrees with you that there are NOT more than one race, then how can I be a "White man" or how can Black people be "his Black people"?

Like I said, disingenuous and inconsistent......in my opinion.

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On 6/4/2018 at 12:11 AM, Pioneer1 said:

I don't want to take the focus of Del's thread AWAY from his predictions and focus it on race so I'll make this brief................

 

Thank you. @Pioneer1

@Troy does it still seem farfetched that Trump won't finish the year.

On 6/2/2018 at 2:54 AM, Pioneer1 said:

What's happening in America isn't a wider economic gap between Whites and Blacks as a whole but a FRACTIONING of the American economy into various classes and socio-economic castes where certian ETHNIC GROUPS will be considered in the upper castes and certain ethnic groups will be considered part of the lower caste.

That's pretty tight. Most people don't see this distinction.

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